Synthesizer

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comprised of

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=== 1960s: Early years ===	=== 1960s: Early years ===
[[File:Bob Moog3.jpg|thumb|[[Robert Moog]] with [[Moog synthesizer]]s. Many of Moog's inventions, such as [[voltage-controlled oscillator]]s, became standard in synthesizers.]]	[[File:Bob Moog3.jpg|thumb|[[Robert Moog]] with [[Moog synthesizer]]s. Many of Moog's inventions, such as [[voltage-controlled oscillator]]s, became standard in synthesizers.]]
The authors of ''Analog Days'' define "the early years of the synthesizer" as between 1964 and the mid-1970s, beginning with the debut of the [[Moog synthesizer]].{{r|Analog Days|p=7}} Designed by the American engineer [[Robert Moog]], the instrument was a [[modular synthesizer]] system comprised of numerous separate electronic modules, each capable of generating, shaping, or controlling a sound depending on how each module is connected to other modules by [[Patch cable|patch cables]].<ref name="Kozinn-2005">{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2005/08/23/...usic-synthesizer-dies-at-71.html|title=Robert Moog, Creator of Music Synthesizer, Dies at 71|last=Kozinn|first=Allan|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=23 August 2005 |access-date=2018-12-03|language=en}}</ref> Moog developed a means of controlling pitch through [[voltage]], the [[voltage-controlled oscillator]].<ref name="McNamee-2010">{{Cite web |last=McNamee |first=David |date=2 August 2010 |title=Hey, what's that sound: Moog synthesisers |url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2010/aug/02/moog-synthesisers |access-date=8 January 2020 |website=[[The Guardian]] |language=en}}</ref> This, along with Moog components such as [[Envelope generator|envelopes]], [[noise generator]]s, [[Voltage-controlled filter|filters]], and [[Music sequencer|sequencers]], became standard components in synthesizers.<ref name="Vail">{{Cite book|title=The Synthesizer|last=Vail|first=Mark|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]|year=2014|isbn=978-0195394894}}</ref><ref name="Analog Days" />	The authors of ''Analog Days'' define "the early years of the synthesizer" as between 1964 and the mid-1970s, beginning with the debut of the [[Moog synthesizer]].{{r|Analog Days|p=7}} Designed by the American engineer [[Robert Moog]], the instrument was a [[modular synthesizer]] system composed of numerous separate electronic modules, each capable of generating, shaping, or controlling a sound depending on how each module is connected to other modules by [[Patch cable|patch cables]].<ref name="Kozinn-2005">{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2005/08/23/...usic-synthesizer-dies-at-71.html|title=Robert Moog, Creator of Music Synthesizer, Dies at 71|last=Kozinn|first=Allan|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=23 August 2005 |access-date=2018-12-03|language=en}}</ref> Moog developed a means of controlling pitch through [[voltage]], the [[voltage-controlled oscillator]].<ref name="McNamee-2010">{{Cite web |last=McNamee |first=David |date=2 August 2010 |title=Hey, what's that sound: Moog synthesisers |url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2010/aug/02/moog-synthesisers |access-date=8 January 2020 |website=[[The Guardian]] |language=en}}</ref> This, along with Moog components such as [[Envelope generator|envelopes]], [[noise generator]]s, [[Voltage-controlled filter|filters]], and [[Music sequencer|sequencers]], became standard components in synthesizers.<ref name="Vail">{{Cite book|title=The Synthesizer|last=Vail|first=Mark|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]|year=2014|isbn=978-0195394894}}</ref><ref name="Analog Days" />
Around the same period, the American engineer [[Don Buchla]] created the [[Buchla Electronic Musical Instruments|Buchla Modular Electronic Music System]].<ref name="Lee-2018" /> Instead of a conventional [[Musical keyboard|keyboard]], Buchla's system used touchplates which transmitted [[CV/gate|control voltages]] depending on finger position and force.<ref name="Analog Days" /> However, the Moog's keyboard made it more accessible and marketable to musicians, and keyboards became the standard means of controlling synthesizers.<ref name="Analog Days" /> Moog and Buchla initially avoided the word synthesizer for their instruments, as it was associated with the RCA synthesizer; however, by the 1970s, "synthesizer" had become the standard term.<ref name="Analog Days" />	Around the same period, the American engineer [[Don Buchla]] created the [[Buchla Electronic Musical Instruments|Buchla Modular Electronic Music System]].<ref name="Lee-2018" /> Instead of a conventional [[Musical keyboard|keyboard]], Buchla's system used touchplates which transmitted [[CV/gate|control voltages]] depending on finger position and force.<ref name="Analog Days" /> However, the Moog's keyboard made it more accessible and marketable to musicians, and keyboards became the standard means of controlling synthesizers.<ref name="Analog Days" /> Moog and Buchla initially avoided the word synthesizer for their instruments, as it was associated with the RCA synthesizer; however, by the 1970s, "synthesizer" had become the standard term.<ref name="Analog Days" />

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