InfoHistoric23: ←Created page with 'The '''Sasanian - Kidarite Wars''' were a series of military confrontations between the Sassanid Empire and the Kidarites. {{Infobox military conflict | conflict = Sasanian - Kidarite Wars | place = Bactria Central Asia | image = IMG_Sassanid_-_Kidarite_Wars.jpg | caption = Sassanid - Kidarite Wars | date = 350 C.E - 466 C.E | result = Final Sasanian Victory | territory...'
The '''Sasanian - Kidarite Wars''' were a series of military confrontations between the [[Sassanid Empire]] and the [[Kidarites]].
{{Infobox military conflict
| conflict = Sasanian - Kidarite Wars
| place = [[Bactria]] [[Central Asia]]
| image = IMG_Sassanid_-_Kidarite_Wars.jpg
| caption = Sassanid - Kidarite Wars
| date = 350 C.E - 466 C.E
| result = Final Sasanian Victory
| territory = * In the first conflict , an alliance between the persians and the huns were negotiated .
* In the second conflict, huns deffeated the Sassanids and occupied Bactria.
* In the third conflict , peace was negotiated by peroz
* In the fourth conflict , alliance between the alchons and Sassanids push the Kidarite power out of Bactria.
| combatants_header = Belligerents
| combatant1 = [[File
erafsh Kaviani flag of the late Sassanid Empire.svg|25 px]] [[Sasanian Empire]]
| combatant2 = [[Kidarites]]
| combatant1b = [[Hepthalites]]
| combatant1c = [[Alchon Huns]]
| commander1 = [[Shapur II]]<br>[[Bahram IV]]<br>[[Yazdgard II]]<br>[[Peroz]]<br>[[Mehama]]
| commander2 = [[Grumbates]]<br>[[Kidara]]<br>[[Varhan]]
}}
==First Sassanid - Kidarite Conflict==
Around 350 C.E , the emperor of the [[Sassanid Empire|Sassanids]] had to abandon his military expedition to the city of [[Nisibis]] because of the arrival of various central asian nomadic tribes on their east and had struggles against them. During this period , the [[Xionite]]/[[Huna]] tribes who are likely to be the [[Kidarites]], appeared as a threat to the [[Sassanids]] and even to the [[Gupta Empire|Guptas]]. <ref>https://books.google.co.in/books?id=mcf4CgAAQBAJ&pg=PT50&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false</ref>
After a long struggle , the [[Kidarites]] were forced to allign with the [[Sassanids]] against the [[Roman Empire|Romans]].They agreed to enlist their light cavalry into the persian army for accompanying [[Shapur II]]. The presence of the [[Kidarites]] in the Persian Campaign of the Western Caspian areas has been described by the Contemporary Eyewitness
[[Ammianus Marcellinus]].<ref>https://books.google.co.in/books?id=883OZBe2sMYC&pg=PA38&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false</ref> <ref>[[Ammianus Marcellinus]] [http://www.tertullian.org/fathers/ammianus_18_book18.htm 18.6.22]</ref>.
The presence of [[Grumbates]] is also observed at the [[Siege of Amida (359)|Siege of Amida]] in 359, in which Grumbates lost his son. <ref>https://books.google.co.in/books?id=mcf4CgAAQBAJ&pg=PT50&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false</ref>
==Second Sassanian - Kidarite Conflict==
The alliance between the [[Sassanid Empire]] and the [[Kidarites]] strained and during the reign of [[Bahram IV ]] , the [[Sassanian Empire|Sasanians]] suffered numerous deffeats against the [[Kidarites]] <ref>https://books.google.co.in/books?id=mcf4CgAAQBAJ&pg=PT50&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false</ref> which allowed the [[Kidarites]] to settle in Bactria by replacing the [[Kushano-Sasanian Kingdom]]<ref>https://books.google.co.in/books?id=RjWAXVYNIzkC&pg=PA1&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false</ref>.The Kidarite King [[Kidara]] proclaimed himself as the "Kidara King of the Kushans" on his coins as because the area was similiar as of the western Kushans or [[Kushanshahr]]. <ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=e0dcBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA286</ref> According to [[Priscus]] , the [[Sasanians]] were forced to pay tributes to the [[Kidarites]] until the reign of [[Yazdgird II]] who had refrained from paying further tributes. <ref>https://books.google.co.in/books?id=e0dcBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA287&redir_esc=y</ref>
==Third Sasanian - Kidarite Conflict==
As [[Yazdgird II]] refused to pay tribute , this became a reason for the [[Kidarites]] to invade the [[Sasanian]] dominions and therefore during the reign of [[Peroz I]] the [[Kidarites]] invaded the [[Sassanian]] domains. <ref>https://books.google.co.in/books?id...#v=onepage&q=sassanid - kidarite wars&f=false</ref>. [[Yazdgird II]] spent most of his life waging inconclusive military expeditions against the Kidarites but his last conflict on the seventeenth year of his reign , suffered fatality according to two Armenian historians and ended up as a tributary to the Kidarites . <ref>https://books.google.co.in/books?id...#v=onepage&q=sassanid - kidarite wars&f=false</ref>[[Peroz I]] lacked in manpower and hence asked the [[Byzantines]] for financial aid which was refused.[[Peroz I]] then sought peace and offered marriage his sister in marriage to the [[Kidarites]] but instead sent a women of lower status , after a while when the [[Kidarites ]] came to know about the fact , they in turn wanted to do the same to the [[Sassanids]] by asking for military experts in the hunnic army from persia.<ref>https://books.google.co.in/books?id...#v=onepage&q=sassanid - kidarite wars&f=false</ref>
==Fourth Sasanian - Kidarite Conflict==
As soon as the 300 military experts arrived at the [[Kidarites|Kidarite]] court , they were either disfigured or killed and were sent back to persia along with the information that the reason of the act was nothing except for the fake promise of [[Peroz I]]. During this period [[Peroz I]] allied himself with [[Mehama]] who was either a [[Alchon Huns|Alchon Hunnic]] ruler of eastern Bactria , together they put an end to the Kidarite power by 466 <ref>https://books.google.co.in/books?id...#v=onepage&q=sassanid - kidarite wars&f=false</ref> and the [[Sassanids]] took control of Bactria and [[Peroz I]] issued his coins at Balkh which were based on the [[Kidarite]] coins.
The victory against the Kidarites were announced by the Sasanian embassy in [[Constantinople]]. <ref>https://books.google.co.in/books?id...#v=onepage&q=sassanid - kidarite wars&f=false</ref>
Okumaya devam et...
The '''Sasanian - Kidarite Wars''' were a series of military confrontations between the [[Sassanid Empire]] and the [[Kidarites]].
{{Infobox military conflict
| conflict = Sasanian - Kidarite Wars
| place = [[Bactria]] [[Central Asia]]
| image = IMG_Sassanid_-_Kidarite_Wars.jpg
| caption = Sassanid - Kidarite Wars
| date = 350 C.E - 466 C.E
| result = Final Sasanian Victory
| territory = * In the first conflict , an alliance between the persians and the huns were negotiated .
* In the second conflict, huns deffeated the Sassanids and occupied Bactria.
* In the third conflict , peace was negotiated by peroz
* In the fourth conflict , alliance between the alchons and Sassanids push the Kidarite power out of Bactria.
| combatants_header = Belligerents
| combatant1 = [[File
erafsh Kaviani flag of the late Sassanid Empire.svg|25 px]] [[Sasanian Empire]]| combatant2 = [[Kidarites]]
| combatant1b = [[Hepthalites]]
| combatant1c = [[Alchon Huns]]
| commander1 = [[Shapur II]]<br>[[Bahram IV]]<br>[[Yazdgard II]]<br>[[Peroz]]<br>[[Mehama]]
| commander2 = [[Grumbates]]<br>[[Kidara]]<br>[[Varhan]]
}}
==First Sassanid - Kidarite Conflict==
Around 350 C.E , the emperor of the [[Sassanid Empire|Sassanids]] had to abandon his military expedition to the city of [[Nisibis]] because of the arrival of various central asian nomadic tribes on their east and had struggles against them. During this period , the [[Xionite]]/[[Huna]] tribes who are likely to be the [[Kidarites]], appeared as a threat to the [[Sassanids]] and even to the [[Gupta Empire|Guptas]]. <ref>https://books.google.co.in/books?id=mcf4CgAAQBAJ&pg=PT50&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false</ref>
After a long struggle , the [[Kidarites]] were forced to allign with the [[Sassanids]] against the [[Roman Empire|Romans]].They agreed to enlist their light cavalry into the persian army for accompanying [[Shapur II]]. The presence of the [[Kidarites]] in the Persian Campaign of the Western Caspian areas has been described by the Contemporary Eyewitness
[[Ammianus Marcellinus]].<ref>https://books.google.co.in/books?id=883OZBe2sMYC&pg=PA38&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false</ref> <ref>[[Ammianus Marcellinus]] [http://www.tertullian.org/fathers/ammianus_18_book18.htm 18.6.22]</ref>.
The presence of [[Grumbates]] is also observed at the [[Siege of Amida (359)|Siege of Amida]] in 359, in which Grumbates lost his son. <ref>https://books.google.co.in/books?id=mcf4CgAAQBAJ&pg=PT50&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false</ref>
==Second Sassanian - Kidarite Conflict==
The alliance between the [[Sassanid Empire]] and the [[Kidarites]] strained and during the reign of [[Bahram IV ]] , the [[Sassanian Empire|Sasanians]] suffered numerous deffeats against the [[Kidarites]] <ref>https://books.google.co.in/books?id=mcf4CgAAQBAJ&pg=PT50&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false</ref> which allowed the [[Kidarites]] to settle in Bactria by replacing the [[Kushano-Sasanian Kingdom]]<ref>https://books.google.co.in/books?id=RjWAXVYNIzkC&pg=PA1&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false</ref>.The Kidarite King [[Kidara]] proclaimed himself as the "Kidara King of the Kushans" on his coins as because the area was similiar as of the western Kushans or [[Kushanshahr]]. <ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=e0dcBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA286</ref> According to [[Priscus]] , the [[Sasanians]] were forced to pay tributes to the [[Kidarites]] until the reign of [[Yazdgird II]] who had refrained from paying further tributes. <ref>https://books.google.co.in/books?id=e0dcBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA287&redir_esc=y</ref>
==Third Sasanian - Kidarite Conflict==
As [[Yazdgird II]] refused to pay tribute , this became a reason for the [[Kidarites]] to invade the [[Sasanian]] dominions and therefore during the reign of [[Peroz I]] the [[Kidarites]] invaded the [[Sassanian]] domains. <ref>https://books.google.co.in/books?id...#v=onepage&q=sassanid - kidarite wars&f=false</ref>. [[Yazdgird II]] spent most of his life waging inconclusive military expeditions against the Kidarites but his last conflict on the seventeenth year of his reign , suffered fatality according to two Armenian historians and ended up as a tributary to the Kidarites . <ref>https://books.google.co.in/books?id...#v=onepage&q=sassanid - kidarite wars&f=false</ref>[[Peroz I]] lacked in manpower and hence asked the [[Byzantines]] for financial aid which was refused.[[Peroz I]] then sought peace and offered marriage his sister in marriage to the [[Kidarites]] but instead sent a women of lower status , after a while when the [[Kidarites ]] came to know about the fact , they in turn wanted to do the same to the [[Sassanids]] by asking for military experts in the hunnic army from persia.<ref>https://books.google.co.in/books?id...#v=onepage&q=sassanid - kidarite wars&f=false</ref>
==Fourth Sasanian - Kidarite Conflict==
As soon as the 300 military experts arrived at the [[Kidarites|Kidarite]] court , they were either disfigured or killed and were sent back to persia along with the information that the reason of the act was nothing except for the fake promise of [[Peroz I]]. During this period [[Peroz I]] allied himself with [[Mehama]] who was either a [[Alchon Huns|Alchon Hunnic]] ruler of eastern Bactria , together they put an end to the Kidarite power by 466 <ref>https://books.google.co.in/books?id...#v=onepage&q=sassanid - kidarite wars&f=false</ref> and the [[Sassanids]] took control of Bactria and [[Peroz I]] issued his coins at Balkh which were based on the [[Kidarite]] coins.
The victory against the Kidarites were announced by the Sasanian embassy in [[Constantinople]]. <ref>https://books.google.co.in/books?id...#v=onepage&q=sassanid - kidarite wars&f=false</ref>
Okumaya devam et...