KrivisKrivaitis: ←Created page with '{{Short description|Lithuanian military officer (1898–1979)}} {{Infobox military person |honorific_prefix = Lieutenant Colonel | name = Kazys Ališauskas | birth_date = {{Birth date|1898|03|29|df=y}} | birth_place = Meškučiai, Congress Poland, Russian Empire | death_date = {{Death date and age|1979|01|16|1898|03|29|df=y}} | death_place = Chicago, United States | allegiance = {{flag|Lithuania}} | serviceyear...'
{{Short description|Lithuanian military officer (1898–1979)}}
{{Infobox military person
|honorific_prefix = [[Lieutenant Colonel]]
| name = Kazys Ališauskas
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1898|03|29|df=y}}
| birth_place = Meškučiai, [[Congress Poland]], [[Russian Empire]]
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1979|01|16|1898|03|29|df=y}}
| death_place = [[Chicago]], [[United States]]
| allegiance = {{flag|Lithuania}}
| serviceyears = 1919–1940 ([[Lithuanian Army]])
| rank = [[File:17-Lithuania Army-LTC.svg|18px]] Lieutenant Colonel
| alma_mater = [[War School of Kaunas]], [[Vytautas Magnus University]]
| spouse = Marija Triponaitė (1912–2005)
| children = Rimgaudas, Aldona
}}
'''Kazys Ališauskas''' (29 March 1898 – 16 January 1979) was a Lithuanian military officer and historian.
==Biography==
===Early life military career===
Kazys Ališauskas was born on 29 March 1898 in the village of Meškučiai<ref name="VLE">{{cite web |title=Kazys Ališauskas |url=https://www.vle.lt/straipsnis/kazys-alisauskas/ |website=vle.lt}}</ref> in [[Congress Poland]] of the [[Russian Empire]]. He graduated from the local Marijampolė Gymnasium. When the [[Lithuanian Wars of Independence]] broke out, Ališauskas joined the [[Lithuanian army]] as a volunteer in 1919, graduating from the [[War School of Kaunas]] on 6 July 1919.<ref name="versme">{{cite web |title=Lietuvos kariuomenės kūrėjai savanoriai (1918–1923) |url=https://www.versme.lt/sav_a.htm |website=versme.lt}}</ref> After receiving the rank of ''karūžas'' (the lowest officer rank; replaced later by [[Lieutenant]]), Ališauskas was assigned to the [[2nd Infantry Regiment (Lithuania)|2nd Infantry Regiment]]. He fought against the [[Red Army]], [[Bermontians|Bermontian]], and Polish forces. For courage displayed while fighting the Bermontians, he was awarded the [[Order of the Cross of Vytis]], 1st degree.<ref name="karzygiai">{{cite book |last1=Kavaliauskas |first1=Vilius |title=Lietuvos karžygiai. Vyties Kryžiaus kavalieriai (1918-1940) (Vol. I) |date=2008 |location=Vilnius |pages=92-93}}</ref> On 3 April 1923 he was promoted to Senior Lieutenant.<ref name="veidaknyge">{{cite web |title=KAZYS ALIŠAUSKAS |url=http://www.noriuzinoti.lt/lt/veidaknyge/41-karininkai/7-alisauskas-kazys |website=noriuzinoti.lt}}</ref> After completing the [[Higher Officers' Courses]] in 1926, Ališauskas was promoted to Captain.<ref name="versme" />
===First publications===
The [[Lithuanian Society for Military Sciences]], which was established in 1923,<ref name="jokubauskas">{{cite journal |last1=Jokubauskas |first1=Vytautas |title=Istorija. Karo istorija tarpukario Lietuvoje ir dvi Karo mokslų draugijos (1921-1933) |journal=4 |date=2018 |volume=112 |page=35}}</ref> acted as a good intellectual environment for Ališauskas to publish his first historical texts and to chronicle the history of the 2nd Infantry Regiment.<ref name="surgailis">{{cite book |last1=Surgailis |first1=Gintautas |title=Antrasis pėstininkų Lietuvos Didžiojo Kunigaikščio Algirdo pulkas |date=2014 |location=Vilnius |page=7}}</ref> He published two reviews outlining the basic facts of the creation of the regiment.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Ališauskas |first1=Kazys |title=Karys. 2 pėst. D.L.K. Algirdo pulko trumpa istoriška apžvalga |journal=26 |date=1926 |pages=529-530}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Ališauskas |first1=Kazys |title=Karys. Savanoris 1918-1920. 2 pėst. D.L.K. Algirdo pulkas |journal=26 |date=1929 |pages=86-94}}</ref> In 1928 he published a review on the [[Battle of Giedraičiai]], a battle in which the regiment fought,<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Ališauskas |first1=Kazys |title=Karys. 2 pęst. D.L.K. Algirdo pulkas kautynėse ties Giedraičiais |journal=26 |date=1928 |page=492}}</ref> and which became one of the most commemorated battles in interwar Lithuania. [[Stasys Raštikis]] notes that Ališauskas assisted [[Kazys Ladiga]] in writing the official history of the Lithuanian Wars of Independence,<ref name="stasys">{{cite book |last1=Raštikis |first1=Stasys |title=Įvykiai ir žmonės (Vol. III) |date=1972 |location=Chicago |pages=137-141}}</ref> although the work was not realized in interwar Lithuania. He also graudated from the [[Vytautas Magnus University]] Faculty of Law.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Ališauskas |first1=Kazys |title=Lietuvos kariuomenės karininkai 1918-1945 (Vol. II) |date=2002 |location=Vilnius |pages=44-45}}</ref> In 1933 he graduated from the Higher Officers' Courses signal unit, and a year later graduated from machine gun courses.<ref name="veidaknyge" /> On 23 November 1934 he was promoted to Mayor. On 23 November 1939, he was promoted to Lieutenant Colonel.
===Immigration and career in the United States===
After the start of the [[Second World War]], Ališauskas stayed in Lithuania. After the Soviet occupation of Lithuania, Ališauskas was appointed the commandant of the [[Raseiniai district]], later serving as the officer of special affairs for the General Staff of the Lithuanian army. On 11 September 1940 Ališauskas began his service in the Red Army's Military School of Vilnius. In 1944 he and his family moved to Germany.<ref name="karzygiai" /><ref name="veidaknyge" /> From 1949 they lived in [[Chicago]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Zabielskas |first1=Vytautas |title=Visuotinė lietuvių enciklopedija (Vol. I) |date=2001 |publisher=Mokslo ir enciklopedijų leidybos institutas |location=Vilnius |page=345}}</ref> Throughout his publishing career, Ališauskas worked full-time at a factory during his stay in the United States.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Ališauskas |first1=Kazys |title=The Lithuanian Wars of Independence. 1918-1920 |date=2023 |publisher=Vilnius University Press |isbn=978-609-07-1006-7 |page=15}}</ref> In the United States, Ališauskas was part of the ''Ramovė'' group, a Lithuanian veterans' organization established in 1950 in Chicago. Ališauskas had prepared a historical overview of the Soviet occupation of Moscow, which the [[Kersten Committee]] had deemed as a crime committed by the Soviet Union in the context of international law in 1953. Ališauskas's overview became the basis for a similar type of document prepared by the committee.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Ališauskas |first1=Kazys |title=Karys. Soveitų karinė Lietuvos okupacija |journal=7 |date=1964 |pages=197-203}}</ref> As an [[émigré]], Ališauskas worked on the [[Lithuanian Boston Encyclopedia]]'s warfare chapter and wrote a book about the Lithuanian Wars of Independence, the latter being commissioned by ''Ramovė'' to be done by 1968 by a group of veteran officers. However, internal disagreements and deaths within the group prevented any significant progress on the book, with Ališauskas being the only one who completed a part of the planned book earlier than the deadline and who focused on other fronts while other officers focused exclusively on battles with the Polish. Ališauskas published the book without permission from ''Ramovė'',<ref name="stasys" /> which "*****" him into conflict with the group that was later resolved. In 1959 Ališauskas received an award as the best author of the magazine ''[[Karys]]''.<ref>{{cite journal |title=Dirva. Plk. Kazui Ališauskui Čikagos ramovėnų susirinkime įteikta II-premija už geriausią rašinį Karyje |journal=124 |date=28 October 1960 |page=7}}</ref> From 1959 to 1972 Ališauskas wrote numerous articles about Lithuanian engagements with the Bermontians, Poles and Bolsheviks.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Ališauskas |first1=Kazys |title=The Lithuanian Wars of Independence. 1918-1920 |date=2023 |publisher=Vilnius University Press |isbn=978-609-07-1006-7 |pages=12-13}}</ref> In 1971 he also published an article on the Lithuania National Battalion in Siberia in 1917.<ref>{{cite journal |title=Karys. Pirmojo atskiro lietuvių Vytauto Didžiojo bataliono tragedija Sibire |journal=1 |date=1970 |pages=10-11}}</ref>
Ališauskas died on 16 January 1979 in Chicago.<ref name="VLE" />
==Awards==
Ališauskas received the following awards:
*[[Order of the Cross of Vytis]], 1st degree (1920)<ref name="versme" />
*[[Order of the Grand Duke Gediminas]], 4th degree (1928)<ref name="veidaknyge" />
*[[Medal of Lithuanian Independence]] (1928)<ref name="veidaknyge" />
*[[Latvian War of Independence 10 Year Anniversary Commemorative Medal]] (1929)<ref name="veidaknyge" />
==Bibliography==
*''2‑as pėstininkų Didžiojo Lietuvos kunigaikščio Algirdo pulkas kautynėse ties Giedraičiais'' [The 2nd Lithuanian Grand Duke Algirdas Infantry Regiment's Battle Near Giedraičiai], (1928)
*''Pirmieji nepriklausomybės kovų žygiai'' [The First Marches of the Independence Wars], (1939)
*''Kovos dėl Lietuvos nepriklausomybės, 1918–1920'' [The Lithuanian Wars for Independence, 1918–1920], (Vol I; 1972)
==References==
{{Reflist}}
Okumaya devam et...
{{Short description|Lithuanian military officer (1898–1979)}}
{{Infobox military person
|honorific_prefix = [[Lieutenant Colonel]]
| name = Kazys Ališauskas
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1898|03|29|df=y}}
| birth_place = Meškučiai, [[Congress Poland]], [[Russian Empire]]
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1979|01|16|1898|03|29|df=y}}
| death_place = [[Chicago]], [[United States]]
| allegiance = {{flag|Lithuania}}
| serviceyears = 1919–1940 ([[Lithuanian Army]])
| rank = [[File:17-Lithuania Army-LTC.svg|18px]] Lieutenant Colonel
| alma_mater = [[War School of Kaunas]], [[Vytautas Magnus University]]
| spouse = Marija Triponaitė (1912–2005)
| children = Rimgaudas, Aldona
}}
'''Kazys Ališauskas''' (29 March 1898 – 16 January 1979) was a Lithuanian military officer and historian.
==Biography==
===Early life military career===
Kazys Ališauskas was born on 29 March 1898 in the village of Meškučiai<ref name="VLE">{{cite web |title=Kazys Ališauskas |url=https://www.vle.lt/straipsnis/kazys-alisauskas/ |website=vle.lt}}</ref> in [[Congress Poland]] of the [[Russian Empire]]. He graduated from the local Marijampolė Gymnasium. When the [[Lithuanian Wars of Independence]] broke out, Ališauskas joined the [[Lithuanian army]] as a volunteer in 1919, graduating from the [[War School of Kaunas]] on 6 July 1919.<ref name="versme">{{cite web |title=Lietuvos kariuomenės kūrėjai savanoriai (1918–1923) |url=https://www.versme.lt/sav_a.htm |website=versme.lt}}</ref> After receiving the rank of ''karūžas'' (the lowest officer rank; replaced later by [[Lieutenant]]), Ališauskas was assigned to the [[2nd Infantry Regiment (Lithuania)|2nd Infantry Regiment]]. He fought against the [[Red Army]], [[Bermontians|Bermontian]], and Polish forces. For courage displayed while fighting the Bermontians, he was awarded the [[Order of the Cross of Vytis]], 1st degree.<ref name="karzygiai">{{cite book |last1=Kavaliauskas |first1=Vilius |title=Lietuvos karžygiai. Vyties Kryžiaus kavalieriai (1918-1940) (Vol. I) |date=2008 |location=Vilnius |pages=92-93}}</ref> On 3 April 1923 he was promoted to Senior Lieutenant.<ref name="veidaknyge">{{cite web |title=KAZYS ALIŠAUSKAS |url=http://www.noriuzinoti.lt/lt/veidaknyge/41-karininkai/7-alisauskas-kazys |website=noriuzinoti.lt}}</ref> After completing the [[Higher Officers' Courses]] in 1926, Ališauskas was promoted to Captain.<ref name="versme" />
===First publications===
The [[Lithuanian Society for Military Sciences]], which was established in 1923,<ref name="jokubauskas">{{cite journal |last1=Jokubauskas |first1=Vytautas |title=Istorija. Karo istorija tarpukario Lietuvoje ir dvi Karo mokslų draugijos (1921-1933) |journal=4 |date=2018 |volume=112 |page=35}}</ref> acted as a good intellectual environment for Ališauskas to publish his first historical texts and to chronicle the history of the 2nd Infantry Regiment.<ref name="surgailis">{{cite book |last1=Surgailis |first1=Gintautas |title=Antrasis pėstininkų Lietuvos Didžiojo Kunigaikščio Algirdo pulkas |date=2014 |location=Vilnius |page=7}}</ref> He published two reviews outlining the basic facts of the creation of the regiment.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Ališauskas |first1=Kazys |title=Karys. 2 pėst. D.L.K. Algirdo pulko trumpa istoriška apžvalga |journal=26 |date=1926 |pages=529-530}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Ališauskas |first1=Kazys |title=Karys. Savanoris 1918-1920. 2 pėst. D.L.K. Algirdo pulkas |journal=26 |date=1929 |pages=86-94}}</ref> In 1928 he published a review on the [[Battle of Giedraičiai]], a battle in which the regiment fought,<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Ališauskas |first1=Kazys |title=Karys. 2 pęst. D.L.K. Algirdo pulkas kautynėse ties Giedraičiais |journal=26 |date=1928 |page=492}}</ref> and which became one of the most commemorated battles in interwar Lithuania. [[Stasys Raštikis]] notes that Ališauskas assisted [[Kazys Ladiga]] in writing the official history of the Lithuanian Wars of Independence,<ref name="stasys">{{cite book |last1=Raštikis |first1=Stasys |title=Įvykiai ir žmonės (Vol. III) |date=1972 |location=Chicago |pages=137-141}}</ref> although the work was not realized in interwar Lithuania. He also graudated from the [[Vytautas Magnus University]] Faculty of Law.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Ališauskas |first1=Kazys |title=Lietuvos kariuomenės karininkai 1918-1945 (Vol. II) |date=2002 |location=Vilnius |pages=44-45}}</ref> In 1933 he graduated from the Higher Officers' Courses signal unit, and a year later graduated from machine gun courses.<ref name="veidaknyge" /> On 23 November 1934 he was promoted to Mayor. On 23 November 1939, he was promoted to Lieutenant Colonel.
===Immigration and career in the United States===
After the start of the [[Second World War]], Ališauskas stayed in Lithuania. After the Soviet occupation of Lithuania, Ališauskas was appointed the commandant of the [[Raseiniai district]], later serving as the officer of special affairs for the General Staff of the Lithuanian army. On 11 September 1940 Ališauskas began his service in the Red Army's Military School of Vilnius. In 1944 he and his family moved to Germany.<ref name="karzygiai" /><ref name="veidaknyge" /> From 1949 they lived in [[Chicago]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Zabielskas |first1=Vytautas |title=Visuotinė lietuvių enciklopedija (Vol. I) |date=2001 |publisher=Mokslo ir enciklopedijų leidybos institutas |location=Vilnius |page=345}}</ref> Throughout his publishing career, Ališauskas worked full-time at a factory during his stay in the United States.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Ališauskas |first1=Kazys |title=The Lithuanian Wars of Independence. 1918-1920 |date=2023 |publisher=Vilnius University Press |isbn=978-609-07-1006-7 |page=15}}</ref> In the United States, Ališauskas was part of the ''Ramovė'' group, a Lithuanian veterans' organization established in 1950 in Chicago. Ališauskas had prepared a historical overview of the Soviet occupation of Moscow, which the [[Kersten Committee]] had deemed as a crime committed by the Soviet Union in the context of international law in 1953. Ališauskas's overview became the basis for a similar type of document prepared by the committee.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Ališauskas |first1=Kazys |title=Karys. Soveitų karinė Lietuvos okupacija |journal=7 |date=1964 |pages=197-203}}</ref> As an [[émigré]], Ališauskas worked on the [[Lithuanian Boston Encyclopedia]]'s warfare chapter and wrote a book about the Lithuanian Wars of Independence, the latter being commissioned by ''Ramovė'' to be done by 1968 by a group of veteran officers. However, internal disagreements and deaths within the group prevented any significant progress on the book, with Ališauskas being the only one who completed a part of the planned book earlier than the deadline and who focused on other fronts while other officers focused exclusively on battles with the Polish. Ališauskas published the book without permission from ''Ramovė'',<ref name="stasys" /> which "*****" him into conflict with the group that was later resolved. In 1959 Ališauskas received an award as the best author of the magazine ''[[Karys]]''.<ref>{{cite journal |title=Dirva. Plk. Kazui Ališauskui Čikagos ramovėnų susirinkime įteikta II-premija už geriausią rašinį Karyje |journal=124 |date=28 October 1960 |page=7}}</ref> From 1959 to 1972 Ališauskas wrote numerous articles about Lithuanian engagements with the Bermontians, Poles and Bolsheviks.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Ališauskas |first1=Kazys |title=The Lithuanian Wars of Independence. 1918-1920 |date=2023 |publisher=Vilnius University Press |isbn=978-609-07-1006-7 |pages=12-13}}</ref> In 1971 he also published an article on the Lithuania National Battalion in Siberia in 1917.<ref>{{cite journal |title=Karys. Pirmojo atskiro lietuvių Vytauto Didžiojo bataliono tragedija Sibire |journal=1 |date=1970 |pages=10-11}}</ref>
Ališauskas died on 16 January 1979 in Chicago.<ref name="VLE" />
==Awards==
Ališauskas received the following awards:
*[[Order of the Cross of Vytis]], 1st degree (1920)<ref name="versme" />
*[[Order of the Grand Duke Gediminas]], 4th degree (1928)<ref name="veidaknyge" />
*[[Medal of Lithuanian Independence]] (1928)<ref name="veidaknyge" />
*[[Latvian War of Independence 10 Year Anniversary Commemorative Medal]] (1929)<ref name="veidaknyge" />
==Bibliography==
*''2‑as pėstininkų Didžiojo Lietuvos kunigaikščio Algirdo pulkas kautynėse ties Giedraičiais'' [The 2nd Lithuanian Grand Duke Algirdas Infantry Regiment's Battle Near Giedraičiai], (1928)
*''Pirmieji nepriklausomybės kovų žygiai'' [The First Marches of the Independence Wars], (1939)
*''Kovos dėl Lietuvos nepriklausomybės, 1918–1920'' [The Lithuanian Wars for Independence, 1918–1920], (Vol I; 1972)
==References==
{{Reflist}}
Okumaya devam et...