Trachea

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The '''trachea''' ({{plural form}}: '''tracheae''' or '''tracheas'''), also known as the '''windpipe''', is a [[cartilaginous]] tube that connects the [[larynx]] to the [[bronchi]] of the [[lung]]s, allowing the passage of [[air]], and so is present in almost all [[animal]]s with lungs. The trachea extends from the larynx and branches into the two primary bronchi. At the top of the trachea the [[cricoid cartilage]] attaches it to the larynx. The trachea is formed by a number of horseshoe-shaped rings, joined together vertically by overlying [[annular ligaments of trachea|ligaments]], and by the [[trachealis muscle]] at their ends. The [[epiglottis]] closes the opening to the larynx during swallowing.	The '''trachea''' ({{plural form}}: '''tracheae''' or '''tracheas'''), also known as the '''windpipe''', is a [[cartilaginous]] tube that connects the [[larynx]] to the [[bronchi]] of the [[lung]]s, allowing the passage of [[air]], and so is present in almost all [[animal]]s with lungs. The trachea extends from the larynx and branches into the two primary bronchi. At the top of the trachea, the [[cricoid cartilage]] attaches it to the larynx. The trachea is formed by a number of horseshoe-shaped rings, joined together vertically by overlying [[annular ligaments of trachea|ligaments]], and by the [[trachealis muscle]] at their ends. The [[epiglottis]] closes the opening to the larynx during swallowing.
The trachea begins to form in the second month of embryo development, becoming longer and more fixed in its position over time. It is [[epithelium]] lined with [[columnar epithelium|column-shaped cells]] that have hair-like extensions called [[cilia]], with scattered [[goblet cell]]s that produce protective [[mucin]]s. The trachea can be affected by inflammation or infection, usually as a result of a viral illness affecting other parts of the [[respiratory tract]], such as the larynx and bronchi, called [[croup]], that can result in a cough. Infection with [[bacteria]] usually affects the trachea only and can cause narrowing or even obstruction. As a major part of the respiratory tract, when obstructed the trachea prevents air entering the lungs and so a [[tracheostomy]] may be required if the trachea is obstructed. Additionally, during surgery if [[mechanical ventilation]] is required when a person is sedated, [[tracheal tube|a tube]] is inserted into the trachea, called [[intubation]].	The trachea begins to form in the second month of embryo development, becoming longer and more fixed in its position over time. It is [[epithelium]] lined with [[columnar epithelium|column-shaped cells]] that have hair-like extensions called [[cilia]], with scattered [[goblet cell]]s that produce protective [[mucin]]s. The trachea can be affected by inflammation or infection, usually as a result of a viral illness affecting other parts of the [[respiratory tract]], such as the larynx and bronchi, called [[croup]], that can result in a cough. Infection with [[bacteria]] usually affects the trachea only and can cause narrowing or even obstruction. As a major part of the respiratory tract, when obstructed the trachea prevents air entering the lungs and so a [[tracheostomy]] may be required if the trachea is obstructed. Additionally, during surgery if [[mechanical ventilation]] is required when a person is sedated, [[tracheal tube|a tube]] is inserted into the trachea, called [[intubation]].

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