DACC23: created page.
{{infobox officeholder
| honorific_prefix = [[His Excellency]]
| name =
| image = New Spanish Charge D'Affaires guest of National Press Club in first public appearance. Washington, D.C., April 13 Harris & Ewing (cropped).jpeg
| caption = ''Photograph of Cárdenas, 1939''
| office = [[List of ambassadors of Spain to the United States|Spanish Ambassador to the United States]]
| term_start = 1939
| term_end = 1947
| predecessor = [[Fernando de los Ríos]]
| successor = [[Eduardo Propper de Callejón]]
| term_start1 = 1932
| term_end1 = 1934
| predecessor1 = [[Salvador de Madariaga]]
| successor1 = [[Luis Calderón y Martín]]
| office2 = [[List of ambassadors of Spain to France|Spanish Ambassador to France]]
| term_start2 = 1934
| term_end2 = 1936
| predecessor2 = [[José María Aquinaga]]
| successor2 = [[Luis Araquistáin]]
| office3 = [[List of ambassadors of Spain to Japan|Spanish Minister at Tokyo]]
| term_start3 = 1931
| term_end3 = 1932
| predecessor3 = [[Luis Dupuy de Lôme|Luis Dupuy de Lôme y Vidiella]]
| successor3 = [[Pedro Antonio Satorras|Pedro Antonio Satorras y Dameto]]
| birth_name = Juan Francisco de Cárdenas y Rodríguez de Rivas
| birth_date = {{birthdate|1881|05|05|df=yes}}
| birth_place = [[Seville]], Spain
| death_date = {{dda|1966|01|16|1881|05|05|df=yes}}
| death_place = [[Madrid]], Spain
| spouse = Lucienne Nano
}}
'''Juan Francisco de Cárdenas y Rodríguez de Rivas''' (5 May 1881 – 16 January 1966) was a Spanish diplomat.
==Early life==
Cárdenas was born in [[Seville]] on 5 May 1881 to Juan de Cárdenas, a magistrate and a state councilor. A member of an earlier generation of his family, [[Francisco de Cárdenas Espejo|Francisco de Cárdenas]], served as Spain's [[Ministry of Justice (Spain)|Minister of Justice]].<ref name="1966Obit"/>
After attending high school at the [[IES San Isidro|San Isidro Institute]] in Madrid,<ref name="pares"/> he was educated at the [[University of Salamanca|Universities of Salamanca]] and [[University of Seville|Seville]].<ref name="Kohler1978">{{cite book |last1=Kohler |first1=Sue A. |title=Sixteenth Street Architecture |date=1978 |publisher=[[Commission of Fine Arts]] |page=479 |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/Sixteenth_Street_Architecture/qmpR_KlrekUC&pg=PA479 |access-date=10 May 2024 |language=en}}</ref>
==Career==
After receiving a law degree, he entered the diplomatic service at 22 as ''[[chargé d'affaires]]'' in [[Lisbon]]. In 1917, after a term in Mexico,<ref name="Kohler1978"/> he came to the United States serving as first secretary and counselor of the [[Embassy of Spain, Washington, D.C.|Spanish embassy in Washington, D.C.]] in the 1920s, and as [[chamberlain (office)|chamberlain]] to King [[Alfonso XIII]]. He then served as Minister to [[Bucharest]], the capital of [[Romania]].<ref name="1966Obit"/>
During the [[Second Spanish Republic|Second Republic]], he was [[List of ambassadors of Spain to Japan|Spanish ambassador to Japan]] from 1931 to 1932,<ref name="Ratified1932">{{cite news |title=Cardenas Appointment Ratified. |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1932/01/19/...ointment-ratified.html?searchResultPosition=6 |access-date=10 May 2024 |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=19 January 1932}}</ref> followed by [[List of ambassadors of Spain to the United States|ambassador in Washington, D.C.]] between 1932 and 1934.<ref name="1932Approves">{{cite news |last1=Times |first1=Special to The New York |title=WASHINGTON APPROVES NEW SPANISH ENVOY; Cardenas, Minister to Tokyo, Is Acceptable -- Madrid Cabinet Yet to Ratify Selection. |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1932/01/08/...ister-to-tokyo-is.html?searchResultPosition=8 |access-date=10 May 2024 |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=8 January 1932}}</ref><ref name="state">{{cite web |title=Diplomatic Representation for the Kingdom of Spain |url=https://2009-2017.state.gov/s/cpr/rls/94445.htm |website=2009-2017.state.gov |publisher=[[United States Department of State|Office of the Historian, Foreign Service Institute United States Department of State]] |access-date=10 May 2024}}</ref> His appointment was met favorably in the United States, and a luncheon was given in his honor at the [[Newport, Rhode Island]] home of Mrs. [[Duncan Ewen Cameron|Duncan E. Cameron]]. Among the attendess were [[Juan Riaño y Gayangos]], the former Spanish diplomat who had married an American socialite and heiress.<ref name="1932Envoy">{{cite news |last1=TIMES |first1=Special to THE NEW YORK |title=LUNCHEON IS GIVEN ENVOY IN NEWPORT; Don Juan F. de Cardenas, Ambassador of Spain, Honor Guest of Mrs. Duncan E. Cameron. W. F. WHITEHOUSES HOSTS Princess Brinda of India Is Visiting the Lorillard Spencers -- Mrs. M. Ferry Entertains. |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1932/08/30/...uan-f-de-cardenas.html?searchResultPosition=9 |access-date=10 May 2024 |work=[The New York Times]] |date=30 August 1932}}</ref>
After Washington, he served as [[List of ambassadors of Spain to France|ambassador to the French Republic]] between 1934 and 1936.<ref name="1934Shift">{{cite news |last1=TIMES |first1=Special to THE NEW YORK |title=SPAIN TO SHIFT ENVOY.; Senor Cardenas, Ambassador, to Leave Washington for Paris. |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1934/04/03/...-leave-washington.html?searchResultPosition=5 |access-date=10 May 2024 |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=3 April 1934}}</ref> After the [[coup d'état]] of July 1936 that began the [[Spanish Civil War|Civil War]], it did not take long before he joined the rebels. Despite initially maintaining the appearance of respect for the [[Republican faction (Spanish Civil War)|Republican]] order, he did everything possible to sabotage the request for weapons that had been made to the French head of government [[Léon Blum]], delaying the processing of the request, which nevertheless was formalized on July 20. [[José Giral]] sent [[Fernando de los Ríos]], who was in [[Geneva]], to reinforce the request and to deal with the succession of resignations in the embassy. Cárdenas presented his resignation on July 23.
An aristocrat with monarchical inclinations, he was sent to perform the functions of informal diplomatic representative of the [[Francoist Spain|Francoist]] side in the United States, as "representative of the [[Nationalist faction (Spanish Civil War)|National government]]." He boasted of the change of editorial line favorable to [[Francisco Franco|Franco]] of ''[[La Nueva España]]'' publication from September 1937, pointing it out as his own merit. At the end of the war, he was again made Ambassador to the United States in 1939.<ref name="NewEnvoy1939">{{cite news |title=NEW ENVOY THANKS FRIENDS OF FRANCO; Cardenas, in First Address Here, Expresses Gratitude to Those Who Aided Cause LAUDS FOES OF SOVIET Without Mentioning Reich or Italy, He Gives Thanks for Help Against Communism |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1939/04/16/...rst-address-here.html?searchResultPosition=14 |access-date=10 May 2024 |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=16 April 1939}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=TIMES |first1=Special to THE NEW YORK |title=De Cardenas Back in Madrid |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1946/09/17/archives/de-cardenas-back-in-madrid.html?searchResultPosition=3 |access-date=10 May 2024 |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=17 September 1946}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=TIMES |first1=Special to THE NEW YORK |title=Spain More Determined To Keep Out, Envoy Says |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1943/05/08/...p-out-envoy-says.html?searchResultPosition=12 |access-date=10 May 2024 |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=8 May 1943}}</ref> He served as Ambassador until 1947 when he relinquished his post "as a result of the December, 1946 [[United Nations]] vote that demanded the replacement of the Franco regime with one 'deriving its authority from the governed' and recommended that all member nations recall their ambassadors from Madrid."<ref name="1966Obit"/> After leaving the United States, he became rector of Spain's School of Diplomacy, holding that position until 1957 while remaining honorary director until his death in 1966.<ref name="Kohler1978"/>
==Personal life==
[[File:Madame Nano & Lucienne LOC npcc.08097.jpg|thumb|left|Photograph of Madame Nano and, Cárdenas' wife, Lucienne, {{circa|1923}}]]
On 27 June 1923, Cárdenas married Lucienne Nano, sister of [[F. Nano|Frederick Nano]], the then secretary of the Romanian legation (who was later appointed [[List of ambassadors of Romania to the United States|Minister of Romania in the United States]] in 1926).<ref name="1923Engagement">{{cite news |last1=Times. |first1=Special to The New York |title=Nano--de Cardenas. |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1923/04/28/archives/xonoude-cardenas-i.html?searchResultPosition=7 |access-date=10 May 2024 |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=28 April 1923}}</ref><ref name="deEspil1967">{{cite book |last1=Espil |first1=Courtney Letts de |title=La esposa del embajador: diez años en la embajada argentina en Washington, 1933-1943 |date=1967 |publisher=J. Alvarez |page=13 |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/La_esposa_del_embajador/zRMzAQAAIAAJ |access-date=10 May 2024 |language=es}}</ref> His wife was considered "to be one of the most beautiful women in Washington".<ref name="msu">{{cite news |title=Diplomatic beauty : Senora de Cardenas |url=https://lib.msu.edu/branches/dmc/tribune/detail.jsp?id=4597 |access-date=10 May 2024 |work=[[The Chicago Tribune]] |date=27 Mar 1932}}</ref>
Cárdenas died in [[Madrid]] on 16 January 1966. His funeral was held in Seville.<ref name="1966Obit">{{cite news |title=JUAN CARDENAS, FORMER DIPLOMAT; Spain's Ambassador to U.S. in '30's and '40's Is Dead (Published 1966) |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1966/01/22/...-to-us-in-30s-and.html?searchResultPosition=2 |access-date=10 May 2024 |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=22 January 1966 |language=en}}</ref>
==Honours==
*Grand Cross of the [[Order of Isabella the Catholic]] (1926)<ref name="pares">{{cite web |title=Person - Cárdenas, Juan Francisco de (1881-1966) |url=https://pares.mcu.es/ParesBusquedas20/catalogo/autoridad/158010 |website=pares.mcu.es |publisher=[[Portal de Archivos Españoles]] |access-date=10 May 2024}}</ref>
*Grand Cross of the [[Order of Charles III|Most Distinguished Order of Charles III]] (1951)<ref name="pares"/>
==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}
==External links==
{{commonscat}}
{{authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Cárdenas, Juan Francisco De}}
[[Category:1881 births]]
[[Category:1966 deaths]]
[[Category:Ambassadors of Spain to the United States]]
[[Category:Ambassadors of Spain to Romania]]
[[Category:Ambassadors of Spain to France]]
[[Category:Ambassadors of Spain to Japan]]
[[Category:Spanish diplomats]]
Okumaya devam et...
{{infobox officeholder
| honorific_prefix = [[His Excellency]]
| name =
| image = New Spanish Charge D'Affaires guest of National Press Club in first public appearance. Washington, D.C., April 13 Harris & Ewing (cropped).jpeg
| caption = ''Photograph of Cárdenas, 1939''
| office = [[List of ambassadors of Spain to the United States|Spanish Ambassador to the United States]]
| term_start = 1939
| term_end = 1947
| predecessor = [[Fernando de los Ríos]]
| successor = [[Eduardo Propper de Callejón]]
| term_start1 = 1932
| term_end1 = 1934
| predecessor1 = [[Salvador de Madariaga]]
| successor1 = [[Luis Calderón y Martín]]
| office2 = [[List of ambassadors of Spain to France|Spanish Ambassador to France]]
| term_start2 = 1934
| term_end2 = 1936
| predecessor2 = [[José María Aquinaga]]
| successor2 = [[Luis Araquistáin]]
| office3 = [[List of ambassadors of Spain to Japan|Spanish Minister at Tokyo]]
| term_start3 = 1931
| term_end3 = 1932
| predecessor3 = [[Luis Dupuy de Lôme|Luis Dupuy de Lôme y Vidiella]]
| successor3 = [[Pedro Antonio Satorras|Pedro Antonio Satorras y Dameto]]
| birth_name = Juan Francisco de Cárdenas y Rodríguez de Rivas
| birth_date = {{birthdate|1881|05|05|df=yes}}
| birth_place = [[Seville]], Spain
| death_date = {{dda|1966|01|16|1881|05|05|df=yes}}
| death_place = [[Madrid]], Spain
| spouse = Lucienne Nano
}}
'''Juan Francisco de Cárdenas y Rodríguez de Rivas''' (5 May 1881 – 16 January 1966) was a Spanish diplomat.
==Early life==
Cárdenas was born in [[Seville]] on 5 May 1881 to Juan de Cárdenas, a magistrate and a state councilor. A member of an earlier generation of his family, [[Francisco de Cárdenas Espejo|Francisco de Cárdenas]], served as Spain's [[Ministry of Justice (Spain)|Minister of Justice]].<ref name="1966Obit"/>
After attending high school at the [[IES San Isidro|San Isidro Institute]] in Madrid,<ref name="pares"/> he was educated at the [[University of Salamanca|Universities of Salamanca]] and [[University of Seville|Seville]].<ref name="Kohler1978">{{cite book |last1=Kohler |first1=Sue A. |title=Sixteenth Street Architecture |date=1978 |publisher=[[Commission of Fine Arts]] |page=479 |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/Sixteenth_Street_Architecture/qmpR_KlrekUC&pg=PA479 |access-date=10 May 2024 |language=en}}</ref>
==Career==
After receiving a law degree, he entered the diplomatic service at 22 as ''[[chargé d'affaires]]'' in [[Lisbon]]. In 1917, after a term in Mexico,<ref name="Kohler1978"/> he came to the United States serving as first secretary and counselor of the [[Embassy of Spain, Washington, D.C.|Spanish embassy in Washington, D.C.]] in the 1920s, and as [[chamberlain (office)|chamberlain]] to King [[Alfonso XIII]]. He then served as Minister to [[Bucharest]], the capital of [[Romania]].<ref name="1966Obit"/>
During the [[Second Spanish Republic|Second Republic]], he was [[List of ambassadors of Spain to Japan|Spanish ambassador to Japan]] from 1931 to 1932,<ref name="Ratified1932">{{cite news |title=Cardenas Appointment Ratified. |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1932/01/19/...ointment-ratified.html?searchResultPosition=6 |access-date=10 May 2024 |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=19 January 1932}}</ref> followed by [[List of ambassadors of Spain to the United States|ambassador in Washington, D.C.]] between 1932 and 1934.<ref name="1932Approves">{{cite news |last1=Times |first1=Special to The New York |title=WASHINGTON APPROVES NEW SPANISH ENVOY; Cardenas, Minister to Tokyo, Is Acceptable -- Madrid Cabinet Yet to Ratify Selection. |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1932/01/08/...ister-to-tokyo-is.html?searchResultPosition=8 |access-date=10 May 2024 |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=8 January 1932}}</ref><ref name="state">{{cite web |title=Diplomatic Representation for the Kingdom of Spain |url=https://2009-2017.state.gov/s/cpr/rls/94445.htm |website=2009-2017.state.gov |publisher=[[United States Department of State|Office of the Historian, Foreign Service Institute United States Department of State]] |access-date=10 May 2024}}</ref> His appointment was met favorably in the United States, and a luncheon was given in his honor at the [[Newport, Rhode Island]] home of Mrs. [[Duncan Ewen Cameron|Duncan E. Cameron]]. Among the attendess were [[Juan Riaño y Gayangos]], the former Spanish diplomat who had married an American socialite and heiress.<ref name="1932Envoy">{{cite news |last1=TIMES |first1=Special to THE NEW YORK |title=LUNCHEON IS GIVEN ENVOY IN NEWPORT; Don Juan F. de Cardenas, Ambassador of Spain, Honor Guest of Mrs. Duncan E. Cameron. W. F. WHITEHOUSES HOSTS Princess Brinda of India Is Visiting the Lorillard Spencers -- Mrs. M. Ferry Entertains. |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1932/08/30/...uan-f-de-cardenas.html?searchResultPosition=9 |access-date=10 May 2024 |work=[The New York Times]] |date=30 August 1932}}</ref>
After Washington, he served as [[List of ambassadors of Spain to France|ambassador to the French Republic]] between 1934 and 1936.<ref name="1934Shift">{{cite news |last1=TIMES |first1=Special to THE NEW YORK |title=SPAIN TO SHIFT ENVOY.; Senor Cardenas, Ambassador, to Leave Washington for Paris. |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1934/04/03/...-leave-washington.html?searchResultPosition=5 |access-date=10 May 2024 |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=3 April 1934}}</ref> After the [[coup d'état]] of July 1936 that began the [[Spanish Civil War|Civil War]], it did not take long before he joined the rebels. Despite initially maintaining the appearance of respect for the [[Republican faction (Spanish Civil War)|Republican]] order, he did everything possible to sabotage the request for weapons that had been made to the French head of government [[Léon Blum]], delaying the processing of the request, which nevertheless was formalized on July 20. [[José Giral]] sent [[Fernando de los Ríos]], who was in [[Geneva]], to reinforce the request and to deal with the succession of resignations in the embassy. Cárdenas presented his resignation on July 23.
An aristocrat with monarchical inclinations, he was sent to perform the functions of informal diplomatic representative of the [[Francoist Spain|Francoist]] side in the United States, as "representative of the [[Nationalist faction (Spanish Civil War)|National government]]." He boasted of the change of editorial line favorable to [[Francisco Franco|Franco]] of ''[[La Nueva España]]'' publication from September 1937, pointing it out as his own merit. At the end of the war, he was again made Ambassador to the United States in 1939.<ref name="NewEnvoy1939">{{cite news |title=NEW ENVOY THANKS FRIENDS OF FRANCO; Cardenas, in First Address Here, Expresses Gratitude to Those Who Aided Cause LAUDS FOES OF SOVIET Without Mentioning Reich or Italy, He Gives Thanks for Help Against Communism |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1939/04/16/...rst-address-here.html?searchResultPosition=14 |access-date=10 May 2024 |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=16 April 1939}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=TIMES |first1=Special to THE NEW YORK |title=De Cardenas Back in Madrid |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1946/09/17/archives/de-cardenas-back-in-madrid.html?searchResultPosition=3 |access-date=10 May 2024 |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=17 September 1946}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=TIMES |first1=Special to THE NEW YORK |title=Spain More Determined To Keep Out, Envoy Says |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1943/05/08/...p-out-envoy-says.html?searchResultPosition=12 |access-date=10 May 2024 |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=8 May 1943}}</ref> He served as Ambassador until 1947 when he relinquished his post "as a result of the December, 1946 [[United Nations]] vote that demanded the replacement of the Franco regime with one 'deriving its authority from the governed' and recommended that all member nations recall their ambassadors from Madrid."<ref name="1966Obit"/> After leaving the United States, he became rector of Spain's School of Diplomacy, holding that position until 1957 while remaining honorary director until his death in 1966.<ref name="Kohler1978"/>
==Personal life==
[[File:Madame Nano & Lucienne LOC npcc.08097.jpg|thumb|left|Photograph of Madame Nano and, Cárdenas' wife, Lucienne, {{circa|1923}}]]
On 27 June 1923, Cárdenas married Lucienne Nano, sister of [[F. Nano|Frederick Nano]], the then secretary of the Romanian legation (who was later appointed [[List of ambassadors of Romania to the United States|Minister of Romania in the United States]] in 1926).<ref name="1923Engagement">{{cite news |last1=Times. |first1=Special to The New York |title=Nano--de Cardenas. |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1923/04/28/archives/xonoude-cardenas-i.html?searchResultPosition=7 |access-date=10 May 2024 |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=28 April 1923}}</ref><ref name="deEspil1967">{{cite book |last1=Espil |first1=Courtney Letts de |title=La esposa del embajador: diez años en la embajada argentina en Washington, 1933-1943 |date=1967 |publisher=J. Alvarez |page=13 |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/La_esposa_del_embajador/zRMzAQAAIAAJ |access-date=10 May 2024 |language=es}}</ref> His wife was considered "to be one of the most beautiful women in Washington".<ref name="msu">{{cite news |title=Diplomatic beauty : Senora de Cardenas |url=https://lib.msu.edu/branches/dmc/tribune/detail.jsp?id=4597 |access-date=10 May 2024 |work=[[The Chicago Tribune]] |date=27 Mar 1932}}</ref>
Cárdenas died in [[Madrid]] on 16 January 1966. His funeral was held in Seville.<ref name="1966Obit">{{cite news |title=JUAN CARDENAS, FORMER DIPLOMAT; Spain's Ambassador to U.S. in '30's and '40's Is Dead (Published 1966) |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1966/01/22/...-to-us-in-30s-and.html?searchResultPosition=2 |access-date=10 May 2024 |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=22 January 1966 |language=en}}</ref>
==Honours==
*Grand Cross of the [[Order of Isabella the Catholic]] (1926)<ref name="pares">{{cite web |title=Person - Cárdenas, Juan Francisco de (1881-1966) |url=https://pares.mcu.es/ParesBusquedas20/catalogo/autoridad/158010 |website=pares.mcu.es |publisher=[[Portal de Archivos Españoles]] |access-date=10 May 2024}}</ref>
*Grand Cross of the [[Order of Charles III|Most Distinguished Order of Charles III]] (1951)<ref name="pares"/>
==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}
==External links==
{{commonscat}}
{{authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Cárdenas, Juan Francisco De}}
[[Category:1881 births]]
[[Category:1966 deaths]]
[[Category:Ambassadors of Spain to the United States]]
[[Category:Ambassadors of Spain to Romania]]
[[Category:Ambassadors of Spain to France]]
[[Category:Ambassadors of Spain to Japan]]
[[Category:Spanish diplomats]]
Okumaya devam et...