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| The '''Volga''' ({{lang-ru|Во́лга|a=Ru-Волга.ogg|p=ˈvoɫɡə}}) is the [[List of rivers of Europe#Rivers of Europe by length| longest river]] in [[Europe]]. Situated in [[Russia]], it flows through [[Central Russia]] to [[Southern Russia]] and into the [[Caspian Sea]]. The Volga has a length of {{cvt|3531|km|mi}}, and a catchment area of {{cvt|1360000|km2}}.<ref name=gvr>[http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=179058 «Река Волга»] {{Webarchive |url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160305021422/http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=179058 |date= 5 March 2016 }}, Russian State Water Registry</ref> It is also Europe's largest river in terms of average [[discharge (hydrology)|discharge]] at delta – between {{cvt|8,000|m3/s}} and {{cvt|8,500|m3/s}} – and of [[drainage basin]]. It is widely regarded as the [[Rivers in Russia|national river]] of [[Russia]]. The hypothetical old Russian state, the [[Rus' Khaganate]], arose along the Volga {{circa|830 AD}}.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Gannholm |first=Tore |title=Birka, Varangian Emporium |url=https://www.academia.edu/40313672 |language=en |access-date=15 August 2020 |archive-date=18 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220418181057/https://www.academia.edu/40313672 |url-status=live }}</ref> Historically, the river served as an important meeting place of various [[Eurasia]]n civilizations.<ref>{{Cite book |title=Grand Strategy of the Byzantine Empire |last=Luttwak, Edward N. |date=2011 |publisher=Belknap Harvard |isbn=978-0674062078 |pages=52 |oclc=733913679}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Walker |first=Joel |date=2007 |title=Iran and Its Neighbors in Late Antiquity: Art of the Sasanian Empire (224–642 C.E.) |journal=American Journal of Archaeology |volume=1 11 |issue=4 |pages=797 |doi=10.3764/aja.111.4.795 |s2cid=192943660 |issn=0002-9114}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |title=The Volga river |last=McNeese |first=Tim |date=2005 |publisher=Chelsea House Publishers |isbn=0791082474 |location=Philadelphia |pages=14–16 |oclc=56535045}}</ref> | The '''Volga''' ({{lang-ru|Во́лга|a=Ru-Волга.ogg|p=ˈvoɫɡə}}) is the [[List of rivers of Europe#Rivers of Europe by length| longest river]] in [[Europe]]. Situated in [[Russia]], it flows through [[Central Russia]] to [[Southern Russia]] and into the [[Caspian Sea]]. The Volga has a length of {{cvt|3531|km|mi}}, and a catchment area of {{cvt|1360000|km2}}.<ref name=gvr>[http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=179058 «Река Волга»] {{Webarchive |url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160305021422/http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=179058 |date= 5 March 2016 }}, Russian State Water Registry</ref> It is also Europe's largest river in terms of average [[discharge (hydrology)|discharge]] at delta – between {{cvt|8,000|m3/s}} and {{cvt|8,500|m3/s}} – and of [[drainage basin]]. It is widely regarded as the [[Rivers in Russia|national river]] of [[Russia]]. The hypothetical old Russian state, the [[Rus' Khaganate]], arose along the Volga {{circa|830 AD}}.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Gannholm |first=Tore |title=Birka, Varangian Emporium |url=https://www.academia.edu/40313672 |language=en |access-date=15 August 2020 |archive-date=18 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220418181057/https://www.academia.edu/40313672 |url-status=live }}</ref> Historically, the river served as an important meeting place of various [[Eurasia]]n civilizations.<ref>{{Cite book |title=Grand Strategy of the Byzantine Empire |last=Luttwak, Edward N. |date=2011 |publisher=Belknap Harvard |isbn=978-0674062078 |pages=52 |oclc=733913679}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Walker |first=Joel |date=2007 |title=Iran and Its Neighbors in Late Antiquity: Art of the Sasanian Empire (224–642 C.E.) |journal=American Journal of Archaeology |volume=1 11 |issue=4 |pages=797 |doi=10.3764/aja.111.4.795 |s2cid=192943660 |issn=0002-9114}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |title=The Volga river |last=McNeese |first=Tim |date=2005 |publisher=Chelsea House Publishers |isbn=0791082474 |location=Philadelphia |pages=14–16 |oclc=56535045}}</ref> |
| The river flows in Russia through [[forest]]s, [[forest steppe]]s and [[steppe]]s. Five of the [[List of cities and towns in Russia by population |ten largest cities of Russia]], including the nation's capital, [[Moscow]], are located in the Volga's drainage basin. The Volga drains into the Caspian Sea, and thus does not connect to any of the world's oceans. | The river flows in Russia through [[forest]]s, [[forest steppe]]s and [[steppe]]s. Five of the [[List of cities and towns in Russia by population |ten largest cities of Russia]], including the nation's capital, [[Moscow]], are located in the Volga's drainage basin. The Volga drains into the [[Caspian Sea]], which is [[Endorheic basin|endorheic]], and thus does not connect to any of the world's oceans. |
| Some of the largest [[reservoir]]s in the world are located along the Volga River. The river has a symbolic meaning in [[Russian culture]] – [[Russian literature]] and [[Russian folklore|folklore]] often refer to it as Волга-матушка ''Volga-Matushka'' (Mother Volga). | Some of the largest [[reservoir]]s in the world are located along the Volga River. The river has a symbolic meaning in [[Russian culture]] – [[Russian literature]] and [[Russian folklore|folklore]] often refer to it as Волга-матушка ''Volga-Matushka'' (Mother Volga). |
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