Industrial synthesis: add extra reference source for lichen as source of Vitamin D
Okumaya devam et...
← Previous revision | Revision as of 05:16, 7 May 2024 |
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| ===Industrial synthesis=== | ===Industrial synthesis=== |
| Vitamin D<sub>3</sub> (cholecalciferol) is produced industrially by exposing [[7-dehydrocholesterol]] to UVB and UVC light, followed by purification.<ref name="Holick05">{{cite journal | vauthors = Holick MF | title = The vitamin D epidemic and its health consequences | journal = The Journal of Nutrition | volume = 135 | issue = 11 | pages = 2739S-2748S | date = November 2005 | pmid = 16251641 | doi = 10.1093/jn/135.11.2739S | url = http://jn.nutrition.org/content/135/11/2739S.full.pdf | access-date = 24 November 2011 | url-status = live | quote = [Vitamin D3] is produced commercially by extracting 7-dehydrocholesterol from wool fat, followed by UVB irradiation and purification [...] [Vitamin D2] is commercially made by irradiating and then purifying the ergosterol extracted from yeast | title-link = doi | doi-access = free | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20171118043538/http://jn.nutrition.org/content/135/11/2739S.full.pdf | archive-date = 18 November 2017 }}</ref><ref name="keegan" /> The 7-dehydrocholesterol is a natural substance in fish organs, especially the liver,<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Takeuchi A, Okano T, Sayamoto M, Sawamura S, Kobayashi T, Motosugi M, Yamakawa T | title = Tissue distribution of 7-dehydrocholesterol, vitamin D3 and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 in several species of fishes | journal = Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology | volume = 32 | issue = 1 | pages = 13–22 | date = February 1986 | pmid = 3012050 | doi = 10.3177/jnsv.32.13 | url = https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jnsv1973/32/1/32_1_13/_pdf | access-date = 20 August 2019 | url-status = live | title-link = doi | doi-access = free | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/2018110....jst.go.jp/article/jnsv1973/32/1/32_1_13/_pdf | archive-date = 1 November 2018 }}</ref> in wool grease ([[lanolin]]) from sheep and in some plants, like lichen ([[Cladonia rangiferina]]).<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Göring H | title = Vitamin D in Nature: A Product of Synthesis and/or Degradation of Cell Membrane Components | journal = Biochemistry. Biokhimiia | volume = 83 | issue = 11 | pages = 1350–1357 | date = November 2018 | pmid = 30482146 | doi = 10.1134/S0006297918110056 | s2cid = 53437216 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Jäpelt RB, Jakobsen J | title = Vitamin D in plants: a review of occurrence, analysis, and biosynthesis | journal = Frontiers in Plant Science | volume = 4 | pages = 136 | date = May 2013 | pmid = 23717318 | pmc = 3651966 | doi = 10.3389/fpls.2013.00136 | doi-access = free }}</ref> Vitamin D<sub>2</sub> (ergocalciferol) is produced in a similar way using ergosterol from yeast or mushrooms as a starting material.<ref name="Holick05"/><ref name=keegan/> | Vitamin D<sub>3</sub> (cholecalciferol) is produced industrially by exposing [[7-dehydrocholesterol]] to UVB and UVC light, followed by purification.<ref name="Holick05">{{cite journal | vauthors = Holick MF | title = The vitamin D epidemic and its health consequences | journal = The Journal of Nutrition | volume = 135 | issue = 11 | pages = 2739S-2748S | date = November 2005 | pmid = 16251641 | doi = 10.1093/jn/135.11.2739S | url = http://jn.nutrition.org/content/135/11/2739S.full.pdf | access-date = 24 November 2011 | url-status = live | quote = [Vitamin D3] is produced commercially by extracting 7-dehydrocholesterol from wool fat, followed by UVB irradiation and purification [...] [Vitamin D2] is commercially made by irradiating and then purifying the ergosterol extracted from yeast | title-link = doi | doi-access = free | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20171118043538/http://jn.nutrition.org/content/135/11/2739S.full.pdf | archive-date = 18 November 2017 }}</ref><ref name="keegan" /> The 7-dehydrocholesterol is a natural substance in fish organs, especially the liver,<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Takeuchi A, Okano T, Sayamoto M, Sawamura S, Kobayashi T, Motosugi M, Yamakawa T | title = Tissue distribution of 7-dehydrocholesterol, vitamin D3 and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 in several species of fishes | journal = Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology | volume = 32 | issue = 1 | pages = 13–22 | date = February 1986 | pmid = 3012050 | doi = 10.3177/jnsv.32.13 | url = https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jnsv1973/32/1/32_1_13/_pdf | access-date = 20 August 2019 | url-status = live | title-link = doi | doi-access = free | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/2018110....jst.go.jp/article/jnsv1973/32/1/32_1_13/_pdf | archive-date = 1 November 2018 }}</ref> in wool grease ([[lanolin]]) from sheep and in some plants, like lichen ([[Cladonia rangiferina]]).<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Göring H | title = Vitamin D in Nature: A Product of Synthesis and/or Degradation of Cell Membrane Components | journal = Biochemistry. Biokhimiia | volume = 83 | issue = 11 | pages = 1350–1357 | date = November 2018 | pmid = 30482146 | doi = 10.1134/S0006297918110056 | s2cid = 53437216 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Jäpelt RB, Jakobsen J | title = Vitamin D in plants: a review of occurrence, analysis, and biosynthesis | journal = Frontiers in Plant Science | volume = 4 | pages = 136 | date = May 2013 | pmid = 23717318 | pmc = 3651966 | doi = 10.3389/fpls.2013.00136 | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref name="Björn Wang 2000 pp. 26–32">{{cite journal |last=Björn |first=L. O. |last2=Wang |first2=T. |date=2000 |title=Vitamin D in an ecological context |journal=International Journal of Circumpolar Health |volume=59 |issue=1 |pages=26–32 |issn=1239-9736 |pmid=10850004}}</ref> Vitamin D<sub>2</sub> (ergocalciferol) is produced in a similar way using ergosterol from yeast or mushrooms as a starting material.<ref name="Holick05"/><ref name=keegan/> |
| ==Mechanism of action== | ==Mechanism of action== |
Okumaya devam et...