History: Added about Hasunaddin keeping the priests on the mountain w/ ref. Added 2nd ref for Mount Batuwara name. Myths: Added creation myth w/ ref.
Okumaya devam et...
← Previous revision | Revision as of 05:01, 27 April 2024 |
| Line 30: | Line 30: |
| During the [[10th century]], a [[Hindu temple]] was built on the highland of the mountain,{{sfn|Kaur|Isa|2020|p=179}} under the [[Sunda Kingdom]].<ref name=BN2018>{{cite web |date=2018-11-13 |title=Gunung Pulosari dan Proses Islamisasi di Banten |trans-title=Mount Pulosari and the Islamization Process in Banten |url=https://www.bantennews.co.id/gunung-pulosari-dan-proses-islamisasi-di-banten/ |website=Banten News |access-date=2024-04-26 |language=id}}</ref> Five statues that share a single base depict Shiva Mahadewa, [[Durga]], [[Batara Guru]], [[Ganesha]] and [[Brahma]]; these are known as "Caringin" statues.<ref name=BN2018/> | During the [[10th century]], a [[Hindu temple]] was built on the highland of the mountain,{{sfn|Kaur|Isa|2020|p=179}} under the [[Sunda Kingdom]].<ref name=BN2018>{{cite web |date=2018-11-13 |title=Gunung Pulosari dan Proses Islamisasi di Banten |trans-title=Mount Pulosari and the Islamization Process in Banten |url=https://www.bantennews.co.id/gunung-pulosari-dan-proses-islamisasi-di-banten/ |website=Banten News |access-date=2024-04-26 |language=id}}</ref> Five statues that share a single base depict Shiva Mahadewa, [[Durga]], [[Batara Guru]], [[Ganesha]] and [[Brahma]]; these are known as "Caringin" statues.<ref name=BN2018/> |
| 800 [[Hindu priest|priests]] are said to have lived on the mountain under the leadership of Prabu Pucuk Umun during the era of [[Sunan Gunungjati]] and [[Maulana Hasanuddin of Banten]] in the [[16th century]].<ref name=BN2018/> Hasanuddin lived there for almost a decade, and many converted to [[Islam]].<ref name=BN2018/> Those who did not left for the southern mountainous areas.<ref name=BN2018/> | 800 [[Hindu priest|priests]] are said to have lived on the mountain under the leadership of Prabu Pucuk Umun during the era of [[Sunan Gunungjati]] and [[Maulana Hasanuddin of Banten]] in the [[16th century]].<ref name=BN2018/> Hasanuddin lived there for almost a decade, and many converted to [[Islam]].<ref name=BN2018/> Those who did not left for the southern mountainous areas.<ref name=BN2018/> Local history states that Hasanuddin required the converted priests to remain on the mountain, believing that a lack of pious guardians would be detrimental to the welfare of life on Java.{{sfn|Hamdani dan Mas'udi|2021|pp=602-603}} |
| The stratovolcano has also been known by the name Pulasari.{{sfn|Simkin|1981|p=197}} In ''The Book of Ancient Kings'', Mount Pulosari is referred to as Mount Batuwara.{{sfn|Voûte|2005|p=219}} | The stratovolcano has also been known by the name Pulasari.{{sfn|Simkin|1981|p=197}} In ''[[Pararaton|The Book of Ancient Kings]]'', Mount Pulosari is referred to as Mount Batuwara.{{sfn|Voûte|2005|p=219}}{{sfn|Judd|1889|p=365}} |
| ==Cultural structures== | ==Cultural structures== |
| Line 88: | Line 88: |
| ==Myths== | ==Myths== |
| Mount Pulosari has a small role in the Hindu creation myth associated with [[Gunung Karang|Mount Karang]]: in the story, Hanomat, king of the monkeys, carried two large bags of sand to create two islands in the [[Sunda Strait]]. When he saw that three islands already existed there, he tore the bags to pieces, creating two growing piles of sand that formed both Karang and Pelosari.{{sfn|De Leeuw|1961|pp=105-106}} | |
| The [[Banaspati (ghost)|Banaspati Ghost]] [[:id:Banaspati|[''id'']]] is a legend of a ghost that roams the mountain and leads climbers astray.{{sfn|Pratama|2023|p=1}} | The [[Banaspati (ghost)|Banaspati Ghost]] [[:id:Banaspati|[''id'']]] is a legend of a ghost that roams the mountain and leads climbers astray.{{sfn|Pratama|2023|p=1}} |
| Line 100: | Line 102: |
| ===Bibliography=== | ===Bibliography=== |
| * {{cite book |last=De Leeuw |first=Adèle |date=1961 |chapter=The Legend of the Karang |title=Indonesian Legends & Folk Tales |publisher=[[Thomas Nelson (publisher)|Thomas Nelson & Sons]] |location=Edinburgh |lccn=61013829 |oclc=470212}} | |
| * {{cite book |last=Hamdani dan Mas'udi |first=Idris |date=2021-08-30 |chapter=Spiritual Traces and Intellectual Network of Islam Nusantara in Western Java |title=Cosmopolitanism of Islam Nusantara Spiritual Traces and Intellectual Networks on the Spice Route |location=Jakarta |publisher=Fakultas Islam Nusantara – Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama}} | |
| * {{cite journal |last=Judd |first=John W. |date=1889-08-15 |title=The Earlier Eruptions of Krakatão |journal=[[Nature (journal)|Nature]] |volume=40 |pages=365-366 |doi=10.1038/040365c0 |s2cid=3965081}} | |
| * {{cite journal |last1=Kartonegoro |first1=Abdulrokhman |last2=Veldkamp |first2=Jan Frits |date=2010-11-02 |title=Revision of Dissochaeta (Melastomataceae) in Java, Indonesia |journal=Reinwardtia |volume=13 |issue=2 |pages=125-145|s2cid=220884266}} | * {{cite journal |last1=Kartonegoro |first1=Abdulrokhman |last2=Veldkamp |first2=Jan Frits |date=2010-11-02 |title=Revision of Dissochaeta (Melastomataceae) in Java, Indonesia |journal=Reinwardtia |volume=13 |issue=2 |pages=125-145|s2cid=220884266}} |
| * {{cite journal |last1=Kartonegoro |first1=Abdulrokhman |last2=Veldkamp |first2=Jan Frits |last3=Hovenkamp |first3=Peter |last4=van Welzen |first4=Peter |date=2018-08-19 |title=A revision of Dissochaeta (Melastomataceae, Dissochaeteae) |journal=PhytoKeys |volume=107 |pages=1-178 |doi=10.3897/phytokeys.107.26548 |doi-access=free |s2cid=52883898}} | * {{cite journal |last1=Kartonegoro |first1=Abdulrokhman |last2=Veldkamp |first2=Jan Frits |last3=Hovenkamp |first3=Peter |last4=van Welzen |first4=Peter |date=2018-08-19 |title=A revision of Dissochaeta (Melastomataceae, Dissochaeteae) |journal=PhytoKeys |volume=107 |pages=1-178 |doi=10.3897/phytokeys.107.26548 |doi-access=free |s2cid=52883898}} |
Okumaya devam et...