Consolidate different EB1911 cites
Okumaya devam et...
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| '''Jean Sylvain Bailly''' ({{IPA-fr|ʒɑ̃ silvɛ̃ baji}}; 15 September 1736 – 12 November 1793<ref>{{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Bailly, Jean Sylvain |volume=3}}</ref>) was a French [[astronomer]], mathematician, [[freemason]],<ref>{{cite book|title=Dictionnaire universel de la Franc-Maçonnerie|first1= Monique|last1= Cara|first2=Jean-Marc|last2= Cara|first3= Marc |last3=Jode|language=fr|publisher=Larousse|date= 2011|isbn= 9782035861368}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ImBge5zWOzoC|title=Le Paris des Francs-Maçons |first1= Emmanuel|last1= Pierrat|first2=Laurent|last2= Kupferman|language=fr|publisher=Le Cherche Midi|date= 2013|isbn=9782749131429}}</ref> and political leader of the early part of the [[French Revolution]]. He presided over the [[Tennis Court Oath]], served as the [[Mayor (France)|mayor]] of Paris from 1789 to 1791, and was ultimately [[guillotine]]d during the [[Reign of Terror]]. | '''Jean Sylvain Bailly''' ({{IPA-fr|ʒɑ̃ silvɛ̃ baji}}; 15 September 1736 – 12 November 1793{{sfn|Chisholm|1911}}</ref>) was a French [[astronomer]], mathematician, [[freemason]],<ref>{{cite book|title=Dictionnaire universel de la Franc-Maçonnerie|first1= Monique|last1= Cara|first2=Jean-Marc|last2= Cara|first3= Marc |last3=Jode|language=fr|publisher=Larousse|date= 2011|isbn= 9782035861368}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ImBge5zWOzoC|title=Le Paris des Francs-Maçons |first1= Emmanuel|last1= Pierrat|first2=Laurent|last2= Kupferman|language=fr|publisher=Le Cherche Midi|date= 2013|isbn=9782749131429}}</ref> and political leader of the early part of the [[French Revolution]]. He presided over the [[Tennis Court Oath]], served as the [[Mayor (France)|mayor]] of Paris from 1789 to 1791, and was ultimately [[guillotine]]d during the [[Reign of Terror]]. |
| ==Scientific career== | ==Scientific career== |
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| Bailly published his ''Essay on The Theory of the Satellites of Jupiter'' in 1766.{{Ref|fn_a|a}} The essay was an expansion of a presentation he had made to the academy in 1763. He later released the noteworthy dissertation O''n the Inequalities of Light of the Satellites of Jupiter''{{Ref|fn_b|b}} in 1771. In 1778, he was elected a foreign member of the [[Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences]]. | Bailly published his ''Essay on The Theory of the Satellites of Jupiter'' in 1766.{{Ref|fn_a|a}} The essay was an expansion of a presentation he had made to the academy in 1763. He later released the noteworthy dissertation O''n the Inequalities of Light of the Satellites of Jupiter''{{Ref|fn_b|b}} in 1771. In 1778, he was elected a foreign member of the [[Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences]]. |
| [[File:Lettres sur l'origine des sciences - et sur celle des peuples de l'Asie.jpg|thumb|Front page of the 1777 copy of "''Discourse on the Origin of the Sciences and the Peoples of Asia''"]] | [[File:Lettres sur l'origine des sciences - et sur celle des peuples de l'Asie.jpg|thumb|Front page of the 1777 copy of "''Discourse on the Origin of the Sciences and the Peoples of Asia''"]] |
| Bailly gained a high literary reputation thanks to his ''[[Eulogy|Eulogies]]'' for King [[Charles V of France]], [[Nicolas Louis de Lacaille|Lacaille]], [[Molière]], [[Pierre Corneille]] and [[Gottfried Leibniz]], which were issued in collected form in 1770 and 1790. He was admitted to the [[Académie française]] on 26 February 1784 and to the [[Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres|Académie des Inscriptions]] in 1785. From then on, Bailly devoted himself to the [[history of science]]. He published ''A History of Ancient Astronomy'' {{Ref|fn_c|c}} in 1775, followed by ''A History of Modern Astronomy'' (3 vols., 1782).{{Ref|fn_d|d}} Other works include ''Discourse on the Origin of the Sciences and the Peoples of Asia'' (1777),{{Ref|fn_e|e}} ''Discourse on [[Plato]]'s [[Atlantis#Plato.27s account|'Atlantide']]'' (1779),{{Ref|fn_f|f}} and ''A Treatise on Indian and Oriental Astronomy'' (1787).{{Ref|fn_g|g}} Though his works were "universally admired" by contemporaries,<ref name=Stephens51/> later commentators have remarked that "their erudition was… marred by speculative extravagances."<ref>Encyclopædia Britannica, 1911.</ref> | Bailly gained a high literary reputation thanks to his ''[[Eulogy|Eulogies]]'' for King [[Charles V of France]], [[Nicolas Louis de Lacaille|Lacaille]], [[Molière]], [[Pierre Corneille]] and [[Gottfried Leibniz]], which were issued in collected form in 1770 and 1790. He was admitted to the [[Académie française]] on 26 February 1784 and to the [[Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres|Académie des Inscriptions]] in 1785. From then on, Bailly devoted himself to the [[history of science]]. He published ''A History of Ancient Astronomy'' {{Ref|fn_c|c}} in 1775, followed by ''A History of Modern Astronomy'' (3 vols., 1782).{{Ref|fn_d|d}} Other works include ''Discourse on the Origin of the Sciences and the Peoples of Asia'' (1777),{{Ref|fn_e|e}} ''Discourse on [[Plato]]'s [[Atlantis#Plato.27s account|'Atlantide']]'' (1779),{{Ref|fn_f|f}} and ''A Treatise on Indian and Oriental Astronomy'' (1787).{{Ref|fn_g|g}} Though his works were "universally admired" by contemporaries,<ref name=Stephens51/> later commentators have remarked that "their erudition was… marred by speculative extravagances."{{sfn|Chisholm|1911}} |
| ==During the French Revolution== | ==During the French Revolution== |
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| ===Sources=== | ===Sources=== |
| * {{Cite encyclopedia | last=Chapin | first=Seymour L. | title=Bailly, Jean-Sylvain | encyclopedia=[[Dictionary of Scientific Biography]] | volume=1 | pages=400–402 | publisher=[[Charles Scribner's Sons]] | location=New York | date=1970 | isbn=978-0-684-10114-9}} | * {{Cite encyclopedia | last=Chapin | first=Seymour L. | title=Bailly, Jean-Sylvain | encyclopedia=[[Dictionary of Scientific Biography]] | volume=1 | pages=400–402 | publisher=[[Charles Scribner's Sons]] | location=New York | date=1970 | isbn=978-0-684-10114-9}} |
| * {{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Bailly, Jean Sylvain}} | * {{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Bailly, Jean Sylvain|volume=3|page=220}} |
| * {{Cite book|last=Stephens|first=Henry Morse|author-link=Henry Morse Stephens|title=A History of the French Revolution|date=1886|publisher=[[C. Scribner's Sons]]|location= New York|url=https://archive.org/details/ahistor...rg/details/ahistoryfrenchr01stepgoog/page/n97 51]|access-date=1 September 2011}} | * {{Cite book|last=Stephens|first=Henry Morse|author-link=Henry Morse Stephens|title=A History of the French Revolution|date=1886|publisher=[[C. Scribner's Sons]]|location= New York|url=https://archive.org/details/ahistor...rg/details/ahistoryfrenchr01stepgoog/page/n97 51]|access-date=1 September 2011}} |
| * Bailly, J.-S., "Secret Report on Mesmerism or Animal Magnetism", ''International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis'', Vol.50, No.4, (October 2002), pp. 364–368. [https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207140208410110 doi=10.1080/00207140208410110] | * Bailly, J.-S., "Secret Report on Mesmerism or Animal Magnetism", ''International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis'', Vol.50, No.4, (October 2002), pp. 364–368. [https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207140208410110 doi=10.1080/00207140208410110] |
Okumaya devam et...