Mdnavman: Content in this edit primarily consists of material translated from the existing Italian Wikipedia article at :it:Garibaldino (cacciatorpediniere); see its history for attribution.
{{short description|Italian Soldato-class destroyer}}
{|{{Infobox ship begin |sclass=2}} <!-- warship classes --><!---->
{{Infobox ship image
| Ship image = File:RN Garibaldino.jpg
| Ship caption = ''Garibaldino'' on maneuvers.
}}
{{Infobox ship career
|Hide header=
|Ship country=[[Kingdom of Italy|Italy]]
|Ship flag={{shipboxflag|Kingdom of Italy|naval}}
|Ship name=''Garibaldino''
|Ship namesake=Alternative term for a "[[Redshirts (Italy)|Redshirt]]," a volunteer [[soldier]] who followed the Italian patriot [[Giuseppe Garibaldi]] during his campaigns
|Ship ordered=
|Ship builder=[[Gio. Ansaldo & C.]], {{nowrap|[[Genoa]], [[Kingdom of Italy]]}}
|Ship original cost=
|Ship yard number=
|Ship way number=
|Ship laid down=23 October 1905
|Ship launched=12 February 1910
|Ship completed=1 June 1910
|Ship commissioned=June 1910
|Ship decommissioned=
|Ship christened=
|Ship acquired=
|Ship reclassified=
|Ship identification=
|Ship stricken=
|Ship fate=Sunk in collision 16 July 1918
|Ship motto=
|Ship notes=
}}
{{Infobox ship characteristics
|Hide header=
|Header caption={{sfn|Fraccaroli|1985|p=268}}
|Ship type=
|Ship displacement={{convert|395|-|424|LT|t|abbr=on}}
|Ship length=*{{convert|64.4|m|ftin|abbr=on}} [[Waterline length|wl]]
*{{convert|65.0|m|ftin|abbr=on}} [[length overall|oa]]
|Ship beam={{convert|6.1|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
|Ship draught={{convert|2.1|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
|Ship draft=
|Ship propulsion=*2 × [[Marine steam engine#Triple or multiple expansion|Vertical triple-expansion steam engines]]
*3× Thornycroft boilers
*{{convert|6000|ihp|kW|0|abbr=on|lk=in}}
*'''As built:''' {{convert|95|t|abbr=on}} [[coal]]
*'''Later:''' {{convert|65|t|abbr=on}} [[fuel oil]]
|Ship speed={{convert|28.5|kn}}
|Ship range=
|Ship complement=55
|Ship sensors=
|Ship EW=
|Ship armament=*4× [[QF 12-pounder 12 cwt naval gun|76 mm (3 in)/40]] guns
*3× 450 mm (17.7 in) [[torpedo tube]]s
*10 [[Naval mine|mine]]s
|Ship armour=
|Ship armor=
|Ship aircraft=
|Ship aircraft facilities=
|Ship notes=
}}
|}
'''''Garibaldino''''' (an alternative term for "[[Redshirts (Italy)|Redshirt]]") was a {{sclass2|Soldato|destroyer|0}} ("Soldier"-class) [[destroyer]] of the Italian ''[[Regia Marina]]'' (Royal Navy). Commissioned in 1910, she served in the [[Italo-Turkish War]] and {{nowrap|[[World War I]]}}. During the latter conflict she sank after a collision in 1918.
== Design ==
''Garibaldino'' was powered by two sets of [[Compound steam engine|triple expansion steam engines]] fed by three [[Thornycroft]] [[water-tube boiler]]s, producing an estimated {{convert|6,000|ihp|lk=on|0}} and driving two [[propeller]] shafts. As built, she could reach a maximum speed of {{convert|28.5|kn|lk=in}}. Originally, she had a fuel capacity of {{convert|95|t|LT|lk=on}} of [[coal]], giving her a range of {{convert|1,500|nmi|lk=in}} at {{convert|12|kn}} and {{convert|400|nmi|lk=in}} at {{convert|23.5|kn}}; she later was converted to burn [[fuel oil]], with a fuel capacity of {{convert|65|t|LT|lk=on}} of oil. She was fitted with four [[QF 12-pounder 12 cwt naval gun|{{convert|76|mm|in|0|adj=on}}/40 calibre]] guns and three {{convert|450|mm|in|1|adj=on}} [[torpedo tube]]s.{{sfn|Fraccaroli|1985|p=268}}<ref>{{Cite book|last=Fraccaroli|first=Aldo|title=Italian Warships of World War I|publisher=Ian Allan|year=1970|page=67|isbn=0711001057}}</ref><ref name="Marina Militare">[http://www.marina.difesa.it/noi-siamo-la-marina/mezzi/mezzi-storici/Pagine/EFGHI/garibaldino.aspx Marina Militare<!-- Title generated automatically --> (in Italian)].</ref><ref name="navypedia">[http://www.navypedia.org/ships/italy/it_dd_artigliere.htm Soldati type 1st group destroyers (Artigliere, 1907 - 1910) - Regia Marina (Italy)<!-- Title generated automatically -->].</ref>
==Construction and commissioning==
''Garibaldino'' was [[Keel-laying|laid down]] on 23 October 1905 at the [[Gio. Ansaldo & C.]] [[shipyard]] in [[Genoa]], Italy. She was [[Ceremonial ship launching|launched]] on 12 February 1910 and completed on 1 June 1910.{{sfn|Fraccaroli|1985|p=268}} She was [[Ship commissioning|commissioned]] in June 1910.
==Service history==
===Italo-Turkish War===
The [[Italo-Turkish War]] began on 29 September 1911 with the [[Kingdom of Italy]]′s [[declaration of war]] on the [[Ottoman Empire]]. At the time, ''Garibaldino'' was part of the 4th Destroyer [[Division (naval)|Division]] along with her [[sister ship]]s {{ship|Italian destroyer|Bersagliere|1906|2}}, {{ship|Italian destroyer|Granatiere|1906|2}}, and {{ship|Italian destroyer|Lanciere|1907|2}}.{{sfn|Beehler|1913|p=10}} That day, she became the first ship to enter the port of [[Tripoli, Libya|Tripoli]] on the coast of [[Ottoman Tripolitania]], where she demanded the port's surrender. By 30 September 1911, she was participating along with ''Lanciere'', the [[battleship]]s {{ship|Italian battleship|Napoli||2}} and {{ship|Italian battleship|Roma|1907|2}}, the [[armored cruiser]]s {{ship|Italian cruiser|Francesco Ferruccio||2}}, {{ship|Italian cruiser|Giuseppe Garibaldi|1899|2}}, and {{ship|Italian cruiser|Varese||2}}, the [[torpedo cruiser]] {{ship|Italian cruiser|Coatit||2}}, and the destroyers {{ship|Italian destroyer|Euro|1900|2}}, {{ship|Italian destroyer|Freccia|1899|2}}, {{ship|Italian destroyer|Ostro|1901|2}}, and {{ship|Italian destroyer|Strale|1900|2}} in a [[blockade]] of Tripoli.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.thepostalgazette.com/issues/16/G_I_T_Inizio.pdf |format=pdf|title=L'inizio delle ostilità |language=it|date=March 2008}}</ref>
In January 1912 ''Garibaldino'', her sister ship {{ship|Italian destroyer|Artigliere|1907|2}}, and the [[protected cruiser]] {{ship|Italian cruiser|Piemonte||2}} deployed to the [[Red Sea]] to search for Ottoman ships along the coast.<ref name="betasom">[http://www.betasom.it/forum/index.php?showtopic=18278 La Guerra Italo Turca - Betasom - XI Gruppo Sommergibili Atlantici<!-- Title generated automatically --> (in Italian)].</ref> On 7 January 1912 ''Artigliere'' came across a large group of Ottoman ships – the [[gunboat]]s {{ship|Ottoman gunboat|Ayintag||2}} (or ''Antep''),<ref>[http://www.warshipsww2.eu/shipsplus.php?language=E&period=&id=505802 TDT Antep - Warships 1900-1950<!-- Title generated automatically -->] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/2014042...eu/shipsplus.php?language=E&period=&id=505802 |date=29 April 2014 }}</ref> {{ship|Ottoman gunboat|Bafra||2}},<ref>[http://www.warshipsww2.eu/shipsplus.php?language=E&id=505803 TDT Bafra - Warships 1900-1950<!-- Title generated automatically -->] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/2014042...hipsww2.eu/shipsplus.php?language=E&id=505803 |date=29 April 2014 }}</ref> {{ship|Ottoman gunboat|Gökçedağ||2}},<ref>[http://www.warshipsww2.eu/shipsplus.php?language=E&period=&id=505804 TDT Gökçedağ - Warships 1900-1950<!-- Title generated automatically -->] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/2014042...eu/shipsplus.php?language=E&period=&id=505804 |date=29 April 2014 }}</ref> {{ship|Ottoman gunboat|Kastamonu||2}},<ref>[http://www.warshipsww2.eu/shipsplus.php?language=E&id=505838 TDT Kastamonu - Warships 1900-1950<!-- Title generated automatically -->] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/2014042...hipsww2.eu/shipsplus.php?language=E&id=505838 |date=29 April 2014 }}</ref> {{ship|Ottoman gunboat|Ordu||2}},<ref>[http://www.warshipsww2.eu/shipsplus.php?language=E&id=505807 TDT Ordu - Warships 1900-1950<!-- Title generated automatically -->] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/2014042...hipsww2.eu/shipsplus.php?language=E&id=505807 |date=29 April 2014 }}.</ref> and {{ship|Ottoman gunboat|Refahiye||2}},<ref>[http://www.warshipsww2.eu/shipsplus.php?language=E&id=505808 TDT Refahiye - Warships 1900-1950<!-- Title generated automatically -->] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/2014042...hipsww2.eu/shipsplus.php?language=E&id=505808 |date=29 April 2014 }}</ref> the armed [[Tugboat|tug]] {{ship|Ottoman tugboat|Muha||2}}, and the armed [[steam yacht]] {{ship|Ottoman yacht|Şipka||2}}<ref>Langensiepen & Güleryüz, pp. 15–16</ref> (formerly ''Fuad'', ''Fauwette'', or ''Fouvette'') — in the harbor at [[Al Qunfudhah|Kunfuda]] on the coast of the [[Arabian Peninsula]]. The Ottoman vessels moved to attack ''Artigliere'', and ''Garibaldino'' and ''Piemonte'' rushed to her aid. The ensuing clash, the [[Battle of Kunfuda Bay]], lasted for three hours. Opening fire at a range of {{convert|4,500|m|yd|sigfig=2}}, the Italians sank three of the gunboats and forced the other three to beach themselves to avoid sinking, their crews fleeing after reaching shore. Sources do not mention the fate of ''Muha''. On 8 January, the Italian ships returned and put ashore landing parties which completed the destruction of the beached gunboats after [[Marine salvage|salvaging]] guns and trophies from them. The ships then bombarded Kunfuda and captured four Arab [[dhow]]s. After the Ottoman troops in the area fled, a landing party from ''Piemonte'' occupied the town, Sources are unclear as to whether ''Şipka'' sank or remained afloat during the events of 7–8 January, but agree that the Italians seized her as a [[Prize (law)|prize]], [[Towing|towed]] her to [[Massawa]], and later took her to Italy, where she was incorporated into the ''Regia Marina'' as the gunboat ''Cunfuda''.<ref name="betasom"/><ref>Langensiepen & Güleryüz, p. 16</ref>{{snf|Beehler|1913|p=51}}<ref>[http://www.anmi.taranto.it/filatelia/verri_cunfida/verri_cunfida.htm anmi taranto<!-- Title generated automatically -->] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/2010121....it/filatelia/verri_cunfida/verri_cunfida.htm |date=10 December 2010 }}</ref>
The war ended on 18 October 1912 in an Italian victory.
===World War I===
[[World War I]] broke out in 1914, and Italy entered the war on the side of the [[Allies of World War I|Allies]] with its [[declaration of war]] on [[Austria-Hungary]] on 23 May 1915. At the time, ''Garibaldino'', under the command of ''Capitano di fregata'' ([[Frigate captain|Frigate Captain]]) De Grossi, was part of the 3rd [[Destroyer squadron|Destroyer Squadron]], based at [[Brindisi]], which also included ''Artigliere'', ''Bersagliere'', ''Lanciere'', and their sister ship {{ship|Italian destroyer|Corrazziere|1909|2}}.{{sfn|Favre|pp=67, 70, 98, 129, 189.}} On 24 May 1915, the day after Italy's declaration of war, ''Garibaldino'', ''Lanciere'', and their sister ships {{ship|Italian destroyer|Alpino|1909|2}}, {{ship|Italian destroyer|Carabiniere|1909|2}}, and {{ship|Italian destroyer|Fuciliere|1909|2}} conducted a patrol in the upper [[Adriatic Sea]].{{sfn|Favre|pp=67, 70, 97, 155, 172.}}
On 29 May 1915 ''Garibaldino'', ''Artigliere'', ''Bersagliere'', and ''Lanciere'' bombarded the Adria Werke [[chemical plant]] in [[Monfalcone]], a production site for [[Chemical weapons in World War I|poison gases]], while ''Alpino'', ''Corazziere'', and their sister ship {{ship|Italian destroyer|Pontiere||2}} provided support.
{{sfn|Favre|pp=67, 70, 97, 155, 172.}} The ships carried out another bombardment of the Adria Werke on 7 June 1915.{{sfn|Favre|pp=67, 70, 97, 155, 172.}}
On 23 February 1916, under the command of ''Capitano di fregata'' (Frigate Captain) Brescia, ''Garibaldino'', ''Bersagliere'', and ''Corazziere'' escorted 12 [[Steamship|steamers]] and two tugs to [[Durrës]] (known to the Italians as Durazzo) on the coast of the [[Principality of Albania]].{{sfn|Favre|pp=67, 70, 97, 155, 172.}}
In October 1916 ''Garibaldino'', her sister ship {{ship|Italian destroyer|Ascaro||2}}, the destroyers {{ship|Italian destroyer|Borea|1902|2}} and {{ship|Italian destroyer|Nembo|1901|2}}, and four torpedo boats provided protection and support to a [[Amphibious warfare|landing force]] consisting of ''Francesco Ferruccio'' and the [[Steamship|steamers]] ''[[SS Catania (1894)|Ausonia]]'', {{SS|Bulgaria|Italian steamer|2}}, {{SS|Choising||2}}, and {{SS|Polcevera||2}} sent to occupy [[Sarandë]] (known to the Italians as Santi Quaranta) in Albania. At 05:15 on 2 October 1916, four [[platoon]]s of sailors, a unit of [[miner]]s, and a unit of personnel from ''Francesco Ferruccio'' landed on the beach and quickly occupied the area, the 32 members of the [[Kingdom of Greece|Greek]] garrison at Sarandë having no option other than to retreat after protesting the Italian operation. After disembarking an [[infantry]] [[battalion]] and a [[cavalry]] [[Squadron (army)|squadron]], the steamers departed at 16:00 on 2 October for Vlorë, where they embarked more troops. On 3 October, ''Ausonia'' and ''Polcevera'' landed a [[pack artillery]] [[Artillery battery|battery]] and a second cavalry squadron, and on 4 October the operation was completed when ''Bulgaria'' and ''Choising'' put another infantry battalion and a third cavalry squadron ashore.{{sfn|Favre|pp=98, 155.}}
On 16 July 1918 ''Garibaldino'' sank in the [[Mediterranean Sea]] off [[Villefranche-sur-Mer]], [[France]], after the British [[naval trawler]] {{HMT|Cygnet}} collided with her.<ref>[http://www.worldnavalships.com/italian_destroyers.htm Italian Destroyers<!-- Title generated automatically -->].</ref><ref>[http://www.warshipsww2.eu/shipsplus.php?language=E&period=&id=504529 Italian Garibaldino - Warships 1900-1950<!-- Title generated automatically -->] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/2014042...eu/shipsplus.php?language=E&period=&id=504529 |data=29 April 2014 }}.</ref> She was the only ship of her [[Ship class|class]] lost in the war.
== References==
{{reflist}}
==Bibliography==
* {{cite book|last=Beehler|first=W. H.|title=The History of the Italian-Turkish War, September 29, 1911 to October 18, 1912|url=https://archive.org/download/historyofitalian00beehiala/historyofitalian00beehiala.pdf |year=1913|location=Annapolis, Maryland |publisher=William H. Beehler}} (reprinted from ''[[Proceedings (magazine)|Proceedings]]'' of the [[United States Naval Institute]] with additions)
* {{cite book
|first=Franco
|last=Favre
|title=La Marina nella Grande Guerra. Le operazioni navali, aeree, subacquee e terrestri in Adriatico
|trans-title=
|language=it
|ref={{sfnref|Favre}}
}}
* {{cite book|last=Fraccaroli|first=Aldo|chapter=Italy|pages=252–290|editor1-last=Gray|editor1-first=Randal|title=Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921|year=1985|location=Annapolis |publisher=Naval Institute Press|isbn=978-0-87021-907-8|ref={{sfnref|Fraccaroli}}}}
* {{cite book|last1=Langensiepen|first1=Bernd|last2=Güleryüz|first2=Ahmet|year=1995|title=The Ottoman Steam Navy 1828–1923|publisher=Conway Maritime Press|location=London|isbn=978-0-85177-610-1|name-list-style=amp}}
{{Soldato class destroyer}}
{{July 1918 shipwrecks}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Garibaldino}}
[[Category:Soldato-class destroyers]]
[[Category:Ships built in Genoa]]
[[Category:1910 ships]]
[[Category:Italo-Turkish War naval ships of Italy]]
[[Category:World War I destroyers of Italy]]
[[Category:Maritime incidents in 1918]]
[[Category:Ships sunk in collisions]]
[[Category:World War I shipwrecks in the Mediterranean Sea]]
Okumaya devam et...
{{short description|Italian Soldato-class destroyer}}
{|{{Infobox ship begin |sclass=2}} <!-- warship classes --><!---->
{{Infobox ship image
| Ship image = File:RN Garibaldino.jpg
| Ship caption = ''Garibaldino'' on maneuvers.
}}
{{Infobox ship career
|Hide header=
|Ship country=[[Kingdom of Italy|Italy]]
|Ship flag={{shipboxflag|Kingdom of Italy|naval}}
|Ship name=''Garibaldino''
|Ship namesake=Alternative term for a "[[Redshirts (Italy)|Redshirt]]," a volunteer [[soldier]] who followed the Italian patriot [[Giuseppe Garibaldi]] during his campaigns
|Ship ordered=
|Ship builder=[[Gio. Ansaldo & C.]], {{nowrap|[[Genoa]], [[Kingdom of Italy]]}}
|Ship original cost=
|Ship yard number=
|Ship way number=
|Ship laid down=23 October 1905
|Ship launched=12 February 1910
|Ship completed=1 June 1910
|Ship commissioned=June 1910
|Ship decommissioned=
|Ship christened=
|Ship acquired=
|Ship reclassified=
|Ship identification=
|Ship stricken=
|Ship fate=Sunk in collision 16 July 1918
|Ship motto=
|Ship notes=
}}
{{Infobox ship characteristics
|Hide header=
|Header caption={{sfn|Fraccaroli|1985|p=268}}
|Ship type=
|Ship displacement={{convert|395|-|424|LT|t|abbr=on}}
|Ship length=*{{convert|64.4|m|ftin|abbr=on}} [[Waterline length|wl]]
*{{convert|65.0|m|ftin|abbr=on}} [[length overall|oa]]
|Ship beam={{convert|6.1|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
|Ship draught={{convert|2.1|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
|Ship draft=
|Ship propulsion=*2 × [[Marine steam engine#Triple or multiple expansion|Vertical triple-expansion steam engines]]
*3× Thornycroft boilers
*{{convert|6000|ihp|kW|0|abbr=on|lk=in}}
*'''As built:''' {{convert|95|t|abbr=on}} [[coal]]
*'''Later:''' {{convert|65|t|abbr=on}} [[fuel oil]]
|Ship speed={{convert|28.5|kn}}
|Ship range=
|Ship complement=55
|Ship sensors=
|Ship EW=
|Ship armament=*4× [[QF 12-pounder 12 cwt naval gun|76 mm (3 in)/40]] guns
*3× 450 mm (17.7 in) [[torpedo tube]]s
*10 [[Naval mine|mine]]s
|Ship armour=
|Ship armor=
|Ship aircraft=
|Ship aircraft facilities=
|Ship notes=
}}
|}
'''''Garibaldino''''' (an alternative term for "[[Redshirts (Italy)|Redshirt]]") was a {{sclass2|Soldato|destroyer|0}} ("Soldier"-class) [[destroyer]] of the Italian ''[[Regia Marina]]'' (Royal Navy). Commissioned in 1910, she served in the [[Italo-Turkish War]] and {{nowrap|[[World War I]]}}. During the latter conflict she sank after a collision in 1918.
== Design ==
''Garibaldino'' was powered by two sets of [[Compound steam engine|triple expansion steam engines]] fed by three [[Thornycroft]] [[water-tube boiler]]s, producing an estimated {{convert|6,000|ihp|lk=on|0}} and driving two [[propeller]] shafts. As built, she could reach a maximum speed of {{convert|28.5|kn|lk=in}}. Originally, she had a fuel capacity of {{convert|95|t|LT|lk=on}} of [[coal]], giving her a range of {{convert|1,500|nmi|lk=in}} at {{convert|12|kn}} and {{convert|400|nmi|lk=in}} at {{convert|23.5|kn}}; she later was converted to burn [[fuel oil]], with a fuel capacity of {{convert|65|t|LT|lk=on}} of oil. She was fitted with four [[QF 12-pounder 12 cwt naval gun|{{convert|76|mm|in|0|adj=on}}/40 calibre]] guns and three {{convert|450|mm|in|1|adj=on}} [[torpedo tube]]s.{{sfn|Fraccaroli|1985|p=268}}<ref>{{Cite book|last=Fraccaroli|first=Aldo|title=Italian Warships of World War I|publisher=Ian Allan|year=1970|page=67|isbn=0711001057}}</ref><ref name="Marina Militare">[http://www.marina.difesa.it/noi-siamo-la-marina/mezzi/mezzi-storici/Pagine/EFGHI/garibaldino.aspx Marina Militare<!-- Title generated automatically --> (in Italian)].</ref><ref name="navypedia">[http://www.navypedia.org/ships/italy/it_dd_artigliere.htm Soldati type 1st group destroyers (Artigliere, 1907 - 1910) - Regia Marina (Italy)<!-- Title generated automatically -->].</ref>
==Construction and commissioning==
''Garibaldino'' was [[Keel-laying|laid down]] on 23 October 1905 at the [[Gio. Ansaldo & C.]] [[shipyard]] in [[Genoa]], Italy. She was [[Ceremonial ship launching|launched]] on 12 February 1910 and completed on 1 June 1910.{{sfn|Fraccaroli|1985|p=268}} She was [[Ship commissioning|commissioned]] in June 1910.
==Service history==
===Italo-Turkish War===
The [[Italo-Turkish War]] began on 29 September 1911 with the [[Kingdom of Italy]]′s [[declaration of war]] on the [[Ottoman Empire]]. At the time, ''Garibaldino'' was part of the 4th Destroyer [[Division (naval)|Division]] along with her [[sister ship]]s {{ship|Italian destroyer|Bersagliere|1906|2}}, {{ship|Italian destroyer|Granatiere|1906|2}}, and {{ship|Italian destroyer|Lanciere|1907|2}}.{{sfn|Beehler|1913|p=10}} That day, she became the first ship to enter the port of [[Tripoli, Libya|Tripoli]] on the coast of [[Ottoman Tripolitania]], where she demanded the port's surrender. By 30 September 1911, she was participating along with ''Lanciere'', the [[battleship]]s {{ship|Italian battleship|Napoli||2}} and {{ship|Italian battleship|Roma|1907|2}}, the [[armored cruiser]]s {{ship|Italian cruiser|Francesco Ferruccio||2}}, {{ship|Italian cruiser|Giuseppe Garibaldi|1899|2}}, and {{ship|Italian cruiser|Varese||2}}, the [[torpedo cruiser]] {{ship|Italian cruiser|Coatit||2}}, and the destroyers {{ship|Italian destroyer|Euro|1900|2}}, {{ship|Italian destroyer|Freccia|1899|2}}, {{ship|Italian destroyer|Ostro|1901|2}}, and {{ship|Italian destroyer|Strale|1900|2}} in a [[blockade]] of Tripoli.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.thepostalgazette.com/issues/16/G_I_T_Inizio.pdf |format=pdf|title=L'inizio delle ostilità |language=it|date=March 2008}}</ref>
In January 1912 ''Garibaldino'', her sister ship {{ship|Italian destroyer|Artigliere|1907|2}}, and the [[protected cruiser]] {{ship|Italian cruiser|Piemonte||2}} deployed to the [[Red Sea]] to search for Ottoman ships along the coast.<ref name="betasom">[http://www.betasom.it/forum/index.php?showtopic=18278 La Guerra Italo Turca - Betasom - XI Gruppo Sommergibili Atlantici<!-- Title generated automatically --> (in Italian)].</ref> On 7 January 1912 ''Artigliere'' came across a large group of Ottoman ships – the [[gunboat]]s {{ship|Ottoman gunboat|Ayintag||2}} (or ''Antep''),<ref>[http://www.warshipsww2.eu/shipsplus.php?language=E&period=&id=505802 TDT Antep - Warships 1900-1950<!-- Title generated automatically -->] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/2014042...eu/shipsplus.php?language=E&period=&id=505802 |date=29 April 2014 }}</ref> {{ship|Ottoman gunboat|Bafra||2}},<ref>[http://www.warshipsww2.eu/shipsplus.php?language=E&id=505803 TDT Bafra - Warships 1900-1950<!-- Title generated automatically -->] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/2014042...hipsww2.eu/shipsplus.php?language=E&id=505803 |date=29 April 2014 }}</ref> {{ship|Ottoman gunboat|Gökçedağ||2}},<ref>[http://www.warshipsww2.eu/shipsplus.php?language=E&period=&id=505804 TDT Gökçedağ - Warships 1900-1950<!-- Title generated automatically -->] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/2014042...eu/shipsplus.php?language=E&period=&id=505804 |date=29 April 2014 }}</ref> {{ship|Ottoman gunboat|Kastamonu||2}},<ref>[http://www.warshipsww2.eu/shipsplus.php?language=E&id=505838 TDT Kastamonu - Warships 1900-1950<!-- Title generated automatically -->] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/2014042...hipsww2.eu/shipsplus.php?language=E&id=505838 |date=29 April 2014 }}</ref> {{ship|Ottoman gunboat|Ordu||2}},<ref>[http://www.warshipsww2.eu/shipsplus.php?language=E&id=505807 TDT Ordu - Warships 1900-1950<!-- Title generated automatically -->] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/2014042...hipsww2.eu/shipsplus.php?language=E&id=505807 |date=29 April 2014 }}.</ref> and {{ship|Ottoman gunboat|Refahiye||2}},<ref>[http://www.warshipsww2.eu/shipsplus.php?language=E&id=505808 TDT Refahiye - Warships 1900-1950<!-- Title generated automatically -->] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/2014042...hipsww2.eu/shipsplus.php?language=E&id=505808 |date=29 April 2014 }}</ref> the armed [[Tugboat|tug]] {{ship|Ottoman tugboat|Muha||2}}, and the armed [[steam yacht]] {{ship|Ottoman yacht|Şipka||2}}<ref>Langensiepen & Güleryüz, pp. 15–16</ref> (formerly ''Fuad'', ''Fauwette'', or ''Fouvette'') — in the harbor at [[Al Qunfudhah|Kunfuda]] on the coast of the [[Arabian Peninsula]]. The Ottoman vessels moved to attack ''Artigliere'', and ''Garibaldino'' and ''Piemonte'' rushed to her aid. The ensuing clash, the [[Battle of Kunfuda Bay]], lasted for three hours. Opening fire at a range of {{convert|4,500|m|yd|sigfig=2}}, the Italians sank three of the gunboats and forced the other three to beach themselves to avoid sinking, their crews fleeing after reaching shore. Sources do not mention the fate of ''Muha''. On 8 January, the Italian ships returned and put ashore landing parties which completed the destruction of the beached gunboats after [[Marine salvage|salvaging]] guns and trophies from them. The ships then bombarded Kunfuda and captured four Arab [[dhow]]s. After the Ottoman troops in the area fled, a landing party from ''Piemonte'' occupied the town, Sources are unclear as to whether ''Şipka'' sank or remained afloat during the events of 7–8 January, but agree that the Italians seized her as a [[Prize (law)|prize]], [[Towing|towed]] her to [[Massawa]], and later took her to Italy, where she was incorporated into the ''Regia Marina'' as the gunboat ''Cunfuda''.<ref name="betasom"/><ref>Langensiepen & Güleryüz, p. 16</ref>{{snf|Beehler|1913|p=51}}<ref>[http://www.anmi.taranto.it/filatelia/verri_cunfida/verri_cunfida.htm anmi taranto<!-- Title generated automatically -->] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/2010121....it/filatelia/verri_cunfida/verri_cunfida.htm |date=10 December 2010 }}</ref>
The war ended on 18 October 1912 in an Italian victory.
===World War I===
[[World War I]] broke out in 1914, and Italy entered the war on the side of the [[Allies of World War I|Allies]] with its [[declaration of war]] on [[Austria-Hungary]] on 23 May 1915. At the time, ''Garibaldino'', under the command of ''Capitano di fregata'' ([[Frigate captain|Frigate Captain]]) De Grossi, was part of the 3rd [[Destroyer squadron|Destroyer Squadron]], based at [[Brindisi]], which also included ''Artigliere'', ''Bersagliere'', ''Lanciere'', and their sister ship {{ship|Italian destroyer|Corrazziere|1909|2}}.{{sfn|Favre|pp=67, 70, 98, 129, 189.}} On 24 May 1915, the day after Italy's declaration of war, ''Garibaldino'', ''Lanciere'', and their sister ships {{ship|Italian destroyer|Alpino|1909|2}}, {{ship|Italian destroyer|Carabiniere|1909|2}}, and {{ship|Italian destroyer|Fuciliere|1909|2}} conducted a patrol in the upper [[Adriatic Sea]].{{sfn|Favre|pp=67, 70, 97, 155, 172.}}
On 29 May 1915 ''Garibaldino'', ''Artigliere'', ''Bersagliere'', and ''Lanciere'' bombarded the Adria Werke [[chemical plant]] in [[Monfalcone]], a production site for [[Chemical weapons in World War I|poison gases]], while ''Alpino'', ''Corazziere'', and their sister ship {{ship|Italian destroyer|Pontiere||2}} provided support.
{{sfn|Favre|pp=67, 70, 97, 155, 172.}} The ships carried out another bombardment of the Adria Werke on 7 June 1915.{{sfn|Favre|pp=67, 70, 97, 155, 172.}}
On 23 February 1916, under the command of ''Capitano di fregata'' (Frigate Captain) Brescia, ''Garibaldino'', ''Bersagliere'', and ''Corazziere'' escorted 12 [[Steamship|steamers]] and two tugs to [[Durrës]] (known to the Italians as Durazzo) on the coast of the [[Principality of Albania]].{{sfn|Favre|pp=67, 70, 97, 155, 172.}}
In October 1916 ''Garibaldino'', her sister ship {{ship|Italian destroyer|Ascaro||2}}, the destroyers {{ship|Italian destroyer|Borea|1902|2}} and {{ship|Italian destroyer|Nembo|1901|2}}, and four torpedo boats provided protection and support to a [[Amphibious warfare|landing force]] consisting of ''Francesco Ferruccio'' and the [[Steamship|steamers]] ''[[SS Catania (1894)|Ausonia]]'', {{SS|Bulgaria|Italian steamer|2}}, {{SS|Choising||2}}, and {{SS|Polcevera||2}} sent to occupy [[Sarandë]] (known to the Italians as Santi Quaranta) in Albania. At 05:15 on 2 October 1916, four [[platoon]]s of sailors, a unit of [[miner]]s, and a unit of personnel from ''Francesco Ferruccio'' landed on the beach and quickly occupied the area, the 32 members of the [[Kingdom of Greece|Greek]] garrison at Sarandë having no option other than to retreat after protesting the Italian operation. After disembarking an [[infantry]] [[battalion]] and a [[cavalry]] [[Squadron (army)|squadron]], the steamers departed at 16:00 on 2 October for Vlorë, where they embarked more troops. On 3 October, ''Ausonia'' and ''Polcevera'' landed a [[pack artillery]] [[Artillery battery|battery]] and a second cavalry squadron, and on 4 October the operation was completed when ''Bulgaria'' and ''Choising'' put another infantry battalion and a third cavalry squadron ashore.{{sfn|Favre|pp=98, 155.}}
On 16 July 1918 ''Garibaldino'' sank in the [[Mediterranean Sea]] off [[Villefranche-sur-Mer]], [[France]], after the British [[naval trawler]] {{HMT|Cygnet}} collided with her.<ref>[http://www.worldnavalships.com/italian_destroyers.htm Italian Destroyers<!-- Title generated automatically -->].</ref><ref>[http://www.warshipsww2.eu/shipsplus.php?language=E&period=&id=504529 Italian Garibaldino - Warships 1900-1950<!-- Title generated automatically -->] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/2014042...eu/shipsplus.php?language=E&period=&id=504529 |data=29 April 2014 }}.</ref> She was the only ship of her [[Ship class|class]] lost in the war.
== References==
{{reflist}}
==Bibliography==
* {{cite book|last=Beehler|first=W. H.|title=The History of the Italian-Turkish War, September 29, 1911 to October 18, 1912|url=https://archive.org/download/historyofitalian00beehiala/historyofitalian00beehiala.pdf |year=1913|location=Annapolis, Maryland |publisher=William H. Beehler}} (reprinted from ''[[Proceedings (magazine)|Proceedings]]'' of the [[United States Naval Institute]] with additions)
* {{cite book
|first=Franco
|last=Favre
|title=La Marina nella Grande Guerra. Le operazioni navali, aeree, subacquee e terrestri in Adriatico
|trans-title=
|language=it
|ref={{sfnref|Favre}}
}}
* {{cite book|last=Fraccaroli|first=Aldo|chapter=Italy|pages=252–290|editor1-last=Gray|editor1-first=Randal|title=Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921|year=1985|location=Annapolis |publisher=Naval Institute Press|isbn=978-0-87021-907-8|ref={{sfnref|Fraccaroli}}}}
* {{cite book|last1=Langensiepen|first1=Bernd|last2=Güleryüz|first2=Ahmet|year=1995|title=The Ottoman Steam Navy 1828–1923|publisher=Conway Maritime Press|location=London|isbn=978-0-85177-610-1|name-list-style=amp}}
{{Soldato class destroyer}}
{{July 1918 shipwrecks}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Garibaldino}}
[[Category:Soldato-class destroyers]]
[[Category:Ships built in Genoa]]
[[Category:1910 ships]]
[[Category:Italo-Turkish War naval ships of Italy]]
[[Category:World War I destroyers of Italy]]
[[Category:Maritime incidents in 1918]]
[[Category:Ships sunk in collisions]]
[[Category:World War I shipwrecks in the Mediterranean Sea]]
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