SilkPyjamas: Content in this edit is translated from the existing Icelandic Wikipedia article at :is:Glaumbær (bær); see its history for attribution.
{{Infobox settlement
| settlement_type = Town
| image_skyline = Glaumbaer-52-Museum-Kirche-2018-gje.jpg
| image_alt = Several turf houses in a row with a broad field of grass in front of them. There is a church a little ways from the houses.
| image_caption = Turf houses in Glaumbær
| coordinates = 65.61146940239227, -19.504699938027684
| founder = Þorfinnur "karlsefni" and Guðríður Þorbjarnardóttir
}}
'''Glaumbær''' is a town and church site in the middle of [[Langholt]], west of [[Héraðsvötn]] in [[Skagafjörður]], formerly a part of the rural municipality [[Seyluhreppur]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Yfirlit yfir sýslur og hreppa |url=https://arnastofnun.is/is/yfirlit-yfir-syslur-og-hreppa |access-date=2024-04-28 |website=Árnastofnun |language=is}}</ref> It is now home to the [[Skagafjörður Folk Museum]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Glaumbær |url=https://www.thjodminjasafn.is/engli.../historic-buildings/glaumbaer-in-skagafjordur |access-date=2024-04-28 |website=Þjóðminjasafn Íslands |language=en}}</ref>
== History ==
The Glaumbær settlement has been inhabited since the beginning of Iceland’s history.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Glaumbær Farm & Museum |url=http://www.atlasobscura.com/places/glaumbaer-farm-museum |access-date=2024-04-28 |website=Atlas Obscura |language=en}}</ref> The explorer [[Thorfinn Karlsefni|Þorfinnur Karlsefni]] and his wife, [[Gudrid Thorbjarnardóttir|Guðríður Þorbjarnardóttir]], lived in [[Reynistaður]] before they came from [[Vinland]] and bought the land that became Glaumbær. In the 11th century, their son, [[Snorri Thorfinnsson|Snorri Þorfinnsson]], who was said to have been born in Vinland, lived there. In the [[Saga of the Greenlanders]], it says that he had the first church built in Glaumbær while his mother Guðríður traveled south. The church at Glaumbær was dedicated to John the Baptist during the Catholic era. The ''Saga'' says that Guðríður became the [[Anchorite|anchoress]] of Glaumbær after she returned from her trip to the south.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The First Farmer |url=http://www.glaumbaer.is/is/en/the-first-farmer |access-date=2024-04-28 |website=Byggðasafn Skagfirðinga |language=is}}</ref>
Many well-known leaders lived in Glaumbær during this era. Among them was the local magistrate [[Hrafn Oddsson]], his son Jón "Korpur" (Jón the Raven) and his grandson Hrafn (Rafn) Jónsson, known as Hrafn of Glaumbær (the Raven of Glaumbær). Hrafn invited 360 people to his daughter’s wedding reception in Glaumbær in 1360.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Sigurðardóttir |first=Sigríður |title=Stories from Glaumbær |publisher=Skagfirðinga Heritage Museu |year=2012 |isbn=978-9935-9043-6-2 |location=Skagafjörður, Iceland |translator-last=Gislason |translator-first=David |trans-title=}}</ref> Soffía, the daughter of [[Loftur "ríki" Guttormsson]] (Loftur the Rich), and her son Þorleifur Árnason lived in Glaumbær. His son, [[Teitur "ríki" Þorleifsson]] (Teitur the Rich) (died 1537), had many disputes with [[Gottskálk grimmi Nikulásson|Gottskálk "grimmi" Nikulásson]] (Gottskálk the Cruel), the bishop of [[Hólar]], and many chieftains in the earlier part of the 16th century to whom he lost almost all his wealth and power.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ábúendur í Glaumbæ |url=http://www.glaumbaer.is/is/feed/glaumbaer/abuendur-i-glaumbae |access-date=2024-04-28 |website=Byggðasafn Skagfirðinga |language=is}}</ref>
Archaeologists in Glaumbær have uncovered remnants of pavilions in the wedding grounds.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hvað er jarðsjá og hvernig er hún notuð? |url=http://www.visindavefur.is/svar.php?id=53298 |access-date=2024-04-28 |website=Vísindavefurinn |language=is}}</ref>
== Priests and the Church ==
According to the Catholic church’s [[Cartulary|cartularies]], there were two priests in Glaumbær, the household priest and the vicar. A short while before the [[Reformation]], [[Jón Arason]] granted the land to Hólastóll and made it into a rectory; priests have been in Glaumbær since. Glaumbær was long considered to be the best paying position in the priesthood in Skagafjörður and many priests served there for a long time. One of the best known is [[Gottskálk Jónsson]] (1524–1590), who served as the priest in Glaumbær from 1554 on.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Háskólabókasafn |first=Landsbókasafn Íslands- |title=Tímarit.is |url=https://timarit.is/page/2050336 |access-date=2024-04-28 |website=timarit.is |language=is}}</ref> He was a scholar and his writings include the [[Gottskálksannáll|Gottskálk Annals]] and Sópdyngja, which is one of the oldest and most significant pieces of Icelandic writing.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Sigurdson |first=Erika |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789004301566 |title=The Church in Fourteenth-Century Iceland |date=2016-06-23 |publisher=BRILL |isbn=978-90-04-30156-6}}</ref> Another of Glaumbær’s well-known priests was Grímúlfur Illugason (1697–1784), who served there from 1727 until he died. He was known to be skilled in magic and there are various folk tales surrounding him.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ábúendur í Glaumbæ |url=http://www.glaumbaer.is/is/feed/glaumbaer/abuendur-i-glaumbae |access-date=2024-04-28 |website=Byggðasafn Skagfirðinga |language=is}}</ref>
Glaumbær’s present church was built in 1926 after the wooden church building that was there was destroyed in a ferocious storm. The new church’s walls have panels made from the pulpit that was thought to be built in 1685. The pulpit was sold at auction in 1930 and its panels were used as a weight for hay for some years before they were salvaged.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ísland í hnotskurn {{!}} Glaumbæjarkirkja |url=http://www.islandihnotskurn.is/Page.aspx?ID=581 |access-date=2024-04-28 |website=https://www.greaticeland.com/Page.aspx?ID=581}}</ref>
Glaumbær’s churchyard houses [[Miklabæjar-Solveig|Miklabæjar-Solveig’s]] grave; her bones were buried there until 1937.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Háskólabókasafn |first=Landsbókasafn Íslands- |title=Tímarit.is |url=https://timarit.is/page/3550800 |access-date=2024-04-28 |website=timarit.is |language=is}}</ref>
== Skagafjörður Folk Museum ==
The Skagafjörður Folk Museum, which acquired the Glaumbær turf houses, was founded on May 29, 1948<ref>{{Cite web |title=Glaumbær |url=https://www.thjodminjasafn.is/engli.../historic-buildings/glaumbaer-in-skagafjordur |access-date=2024-04-28 |website=Þjóðminjasafn Íslands |language=en}}</ref> and opened its doors on June 15, 1952.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ábúendur í Glaumbæ |url=http://www.glaumbaer.is/is/feed/glaumbaer/abuendur-i-glaumbae |access-date=2024-04-28 |website=Byggðasafn Skagfirðinga |language=is}}</ref> The museum's turf houses contain many items; most are tools related to domestic life and techniques used in an earlier era. The complex consists of thirteen turf houses, six with front-facing gables. The site is unique among Icelandic turf farms insofar as very small stones are used in the walls in a way that is rarely found in the municipality of Glaumbær.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nýjar og gamlar sýningar í Glaumbæ |url=https://www.bbl.is/lif-og-starf/lif-og-starf/nyjar-og-gamlar-syningar-i-glaumbae |access-date=2024-04-28 |website=www.bbl.is |language=is}}</ref>
Two old wooden houses have been moved to museum site in Glaumbær. Áshús is from Ás in [[Hegranes]]. It was built between 1884–1886 to house Skagafjörður's women's school. It never fulfilled its original purpose and was used as a residence until 1977. It was then relocated to Glaumbær in 1991.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bjorn |date=2019-02-09 |title=GLAUMBAER SKAGAFJORDUR FOLK MUSEUM |url=https://nat.is/glaumbaer-skagafjordur-folk-museum/ |access-date=2024-04-28 |website=NAT |language=en-US}}</ref> The house is now a coffee shop, exhibit, and storage area. Gilsstofa was originally built in Espihóll in [[Eyjafjörður]] in 1849. It was taken down in 1861 and moved to [[Akureyri]]. From there it was transported by boat to Kolkuós, re-built in Hjaltastaðir in Blönduhlíð, moved to Reynistaður in 1872, to Gil in Borgarsveit in 1884, and finally to Sauðárkrókur in 1891 where it stood until 1985 when it was moved to Kringlumýri in Blönduhlíð. It stayed there until 1996 and was reconstructed there to be as close to the original as possible, but little was left of the original wood after its many relocations. It now contains the museum shop and office, plus an area for the staff.<ref>{{Cite web |title=19th Century Timber Buildings |url=http://www.glaumbaer.is/is/en/two-19th-century-timber-buildings |access-date=2024-04-28 |website=Byggðasafn Skagfirðinga |language=is}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Ábúendur í Glaumbæ |url=http://www.glaumbaer.is/is/feed/glaumbaer/abuendur-i-glaumbae |access-date=2024-04-28 |website=Byggðasafn Skagfirðinga |language=is}}</ref>
== Gallery ==
<gallery class="center" caption="Glaumbær">
File:Glaumbaer-10-Kirche-2018-gje.jpg
File:Glaumbaer-24-Kirche-Kanzel-2018-gje.jpg
File:Glaumbaer-14-Friedhof-2018-gje.jpg
File:Glaumbaer-42-Museum-Holzhaeuser-2018-gje.jpg
File:Glaumbaer-62-Museum-2018-gje.jpg
File:Glaumbaer-74-Museum-Reiseleiterin-2018-gje.jpg
File:Glaumbaer-70-Museum-2018-gje.jpg
</gallery>
== References ==
{{reflist}}
[[Category:Iceland]]
[[Category:History of Iceland]]
[[Category:11th-century establishments in Iceland]]
Okumaya devam et...
{{Infobox settlement
| settlement_type = Town
| image_skyline = Glaumbaer-52-Museum-Kirche-2018-gje.jpg
| image_alt = Several turf houses in a row with a broad field of grass in front of them. There is a church a little ways from the houses.
| image_caption = Turf houses in Glaumbær
| coordinates = 65.61146940239227, -19.504699938027684
| founder = Þorfinnur "karlsefni" and Guðríður Þorbjarnardóttir
}}
'''Glaumbær''' is a town and church site in the middle of [[Langholt]], west of [[Héraðsvötn]] in [[Skagafjörður]], formerly a part of the rural municipality [[Seyluhreppur]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Yfirlit yfir sýslur og hreppa |url=https://arnastofnun.is/is/yfirlit-yfir-syslur-og-hreppa |access-date=2024-04-28 |website=Árnastofnun |language=is}}</ref> It is now home to the [[Skagafjörður Folk Museum]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Glaumbær |url=https://www.thjodminjasafn.is/engli.../historic-buildings/glaumbaer-in-skagafjordur |access-date=2024-04-28 |website=Þjóðminjasafn Íslands |language=en}}</ref>
== History ==
The Glaumbær settlement has been inhabited since the beginning of Iceland’s history.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Glaumbær Farm & Museum |url=http://www.atlasobscura.com/places/glaumbaer-farm-museum |access-date=2024-04-28 |website=Atlas Obscura |language=en}}</ref> The explorer [[Thorfinn Karlsefni|Þorfinnur Karlsefni]] and his wife, [[Gudrid Thorbjarnardóttir|Guðríður Þorbjarnardóttir]], lived in [[Reynistaður]] before they came from [[Vinland]] and bought the land that became Glaumbær. In the 11th century, their son, [[Snorri Thorfinnsson|Snorri Þorfinnsson]], who was said to have been born in Vinland, lived there. In the [[Saga of the Greenlanders]], it says that he had the first church built in Glaumbær while his mother Guðríður traveled south. The church at Glaumbær was dedicated to John the Baptist during the Catholic era. The ''Saga'' says that Guðríður became the [[Anchorite|anchoress]] of Glaumbær after she returned from her trip to the south.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The First Farmer |url=http://www.glaumbaer.is/is/en/the-first-farmer |access-date=2024-04-28 |website=Byggðasafn Skagfirðinga |language=is}}</ref>
Many well-known leaders lived in Glaumbær during this era. Among them was the local magistrate [[Hrafn Oddsson]], his son Jón "Korpur" (Jón the Raven) and his grandson Hrafn (Rafn) Jónsson, known as Hrafn of Glaumbær (the Raven of Glaumbær). Hrafn invited 360 people to his daughter’s wedding reception in Glaumbær in 1360.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Sigurðardóttir |first=Sigríður |title=Stories from Glaumbær |publisher=Skagfirðinga Heritage Museu |year=2012 |isbn=978-9935-9043-6-2 |location=Skagafjörður, Iceland |translator-last=Gislason |translator-first=David |trans-title=}}</ref> Soffía, the daughter of [[Loftur "ríki" Guttormsson]] (Loftur the Rich), and her son Þorleifur Árnason lived in Glaumbær. His son, [[Teitur "ríki" Þorleifsson]] (Teitur the Rich) (died 1537), had many disputes with [[Gottskálk grimmi Nikulásson|Gottskálk "grimmi" Nikulásson]] (Gottskálk the Cruel), the bishop of [[Hólar]], and many chieftains in the earlier part of the 16th century to whom he lost almost all his wealth and power.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ábúendur í Glaumbæ |url=http://www.glaumbaer.is/is/feed/glaumbaer/abuendur-i-glaumbae |access-date=2024-04-28 |website=Byggðasafn Skagfirðinga |language=is}}</ref>
Archaeologists in Glaumbær have uncovered remnants of pavilions in the wedding grounds.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hvað er jarðsjá og hvernig er hún notuð? |url=http://www.visindavefur.is/svar.php?id=53298 |access-date=2024-04-28 |website=Vísindavefurinn |language=is}}</ref>
== Priests and the Church ==
According to the Catholic church’s [[Cartulary|cartularies]], there were two priests in Glaumbær, the household priest and the vicar. A short while before the [[Reformation]], [[Jón Arason]] granted the land to Hólastóll and made it into a rectory; priests have been in Glaumbær since. Glaumbær was long considered to be the best paying position in the priesthood in Skagafjörður and many priests served there for a long time. One of the best known is [[Gottskálk Jónsson]] (1524–1590), who served as the priest in Glaumbær from 1554 on.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Háskólabókasafn |first=Landsbókasafn Íslands- |title=Tímarit.is |url=https://timarit.is/page/2050336 |access-date=2024-04-28 |website=timarit.is |language=is}}</ref> He was a scholar and his writings include the [[Gottskálksannáll|Gottskálk Annals]] and Sópdyngja, which is one of the oldest and most significant pieces of Icelandic writing.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Sigurdson |first=Erika |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789004301566 |title=The Church in Fourteenth-Century Iceland |date=2016-06-23 |publisher=BRILL |isbn=978-90-04-30156-6}}</ref> Another of Glaumbær’s well-known priests was Grímúlfur Illugason (1697–1784), who served there from 1727 until he died. He was known to be skilled in magic and there are various folk tales surrounding him.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ábúendur í Glaumbæ |url=http://www.glaumbaer.is/is/feed/glaumbaer/abuendur-i-glaumbae |access-date=2024-04-28 |website=Byggðasafn Skagfirðinga |language=is}}</ref>
Glaumbær’s present church was built in 1926 after the wooden church building that was there was destroyed in a ferocious storm. The new church’s walls have panels made from the pulpit that was thought to be built in 1685. The pulpit was sold at auction in 1930 and its panels were used as a weight for hay for some years before they were salvaged.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ísland í hnotskurn {{!}} Glaumbæjarkirkja |url=http://www.islandihnotskurn.is/Page.aspx?ID=581 |access-date=2024-04-28 |website=https://www.greaticeland.com/Page.aspx?ID=581}}</ref>
Glaumbær’s churchyard houses [[Miklabæjar-Solveig|Miklabæjar-Solveig’s]] grave; her bones were buried there until 1937.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Háskólabókasafn |first=Landsbókasafn Íslands- |title=Tímarit.is |url=https://timarit.is/page/3550800 |access-date=2024-04-28 |website=timarit.is |language=is}}</ref>
== Skagafjörður Folk Museum ==
The Skagafjörður Folk Museum, which acquired the Glaumbær turf houses, was founded on May 29, 1948<ref>{{Cite web |title=Glaumbær |url=https://www.thjodminjasafn.is/engli.../historic-buildings/glaumbaer-in-skagafjordur |access-date=2024-04-28 |website=Þjóðminjasafn Íslands |language=en}}</ref> and opened its doors on June 15, 1952.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ábúendur í Glaumbæ |url=http://www.glaumbaer.is/is/feed/glaumbaer/abuendur-i-glaumbae |access-date=2024-04-28 |website=Byggðasafn Skagfirðinga |language=is}}</ref> The museum's turf houses contain many items; most are tools related to domestic life and techniques used in an earlier era. The complex consists of thirteen turf houses, six with front-facing gables. The site is unique among Icelandic turf farms insofar as very small stones are used in the walls in a way that is rarely found in the municipality of Glaumbær.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nýjar og gamlar sýningar í Glaumbæ |url=https://www.bbl.is/lif-og-starf/lif-og-starf/nyjar-og-gamlar-syningar-i-glaumbae |access-date=2024-04-28 |website=www.bbl.is |language=is}}</ref>
Two old wooden houses have been moved to museum site in Glaumbær. Áshús is from Ás in [[Hegranes]]. It was built between 1884–1886 to house Skagafjörður's women's school. It never fulfilled its original purpose and was used as a residence until 1977. It was then relocated to Glaumbær in 1991.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bjorn |date=2019-02-09 |title=GLAUMBAER SKAGAFJORDUR FOLK MUSEUM |url=https://nat.is/glaumbaer-skagafjordur-folk-museum/ |access-date=2024-04-28 |website=NAT |language=en-US}}</ref> The house is now a coffee shop, exhibit, and storage area. Gilsstofa was originally built in Espihóll in [[Eyjafjörður]] in 1849. It was taken down in 1861 and moved to [[Akureyri]]. From there it was transported by boat to Kolkuós, re-built in Hjaltastaðir in Blönduhlíð, moved to Reynistaður in 1872, to Gil in Borgarsveit in 1884, and finally to Sauðárkrókur in 1891 where it stood until 1985 when it was moved to Kringlumýri in Blönduhlíð. It stayed there until 1996 and was reconstructed there to be as close to the original as possible, but little was left of the original wood after its many relocations. It now contains the museum shop and office, plus an area for the staff.<ref>{{Cite web |title=19th Century Timber Buildings |url=http://www.glaumbaer.is/is/en/two-19th-century-timber-buildings |access-date=2024-04-28 |website=Byggðasafn Skagfirðinga |language=is}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Ábúendur í Glaumbæ |url=http://www.glaumbaer.is/is/feed/glaumbaer/abuendur-i-glaumbae |access-date=2024-04-28 |website=Byggðasafn Skagfirðinga |language=is}}</ref>
== Gallery ==
<gallery class="center" caption="Glaumbær">
File:Glaumbaer-10-Kirche-2018-gje.jpg
File:Glaumbaer-24-Kirche-Kanzel-2018-gje.jpg
File:Glaumbaer-14-Friedhof-2018-gje.jpg
File:Glaumbaer-42-Museum-Holzhaeuser-2018-gje.jpg
File:Glaumbaer-62-Museum-2018-gje.jpg
File:Glaumbaer-74-Museum-Reiseleiterin-2018-gje.jpg
File:Glaumbaer-70-Museum-2018-gje.jpg
</gallery>
== References ==
{{reflist}}
[[Category:Iceland]]
[[Category:History of Iceland]]
[[Category:11th-century establishments in Iceland]]
Okumaya devam et...