History
Okumaya devam et...
← Previous revision | Revision as of 00:34, 5 May 2024 |
| Line 26: | Line 26: |
| ==History== | ==History== |
| ===Early years, growth and decline (2010–2023)=== | ===Early years and growth (2010–2017)=== |
| The Botswana Movement for Democracy (BMD) came into existence in 2010, following the departure of several key figures, most notably [[Gomolemo Motswaledi]] (who would later become the inaugural president of BMD) and Ndaba Gaolathe, from the [[Botswana Democratic Party]] (BDP). Their departure from the BDP was prompted by conflicts with the party's leader and then-President of Botswana, [[Ian Khama]]. Gaolathe had previously served as an advisor and scriptwriter for President [[Festus Mogae|Mogae]], and he also played a crucial role as the chairman of Gomolemo Motswaledi's 2008 campaign for the Gaborone Central parliamentary seat. | The Botswana Movement for Democracy (BMD) came into existence in 2010, following the departure of several key figures, most notably [[Gomolemo Motswaledi]] (who would later become the inaugural president of BMD) and Ndaba Gaolathe, from the [[Botswana Democratic Party]] (BDP). Their departure from the BDP was prompted by conflicts with the party's leader and then-President of Botswana, [[Ian Khama]]. Gaolathe had previously served as an advisor and scriptwriter for President [[Festus Mogae|Mogae]], and he also played a crucial role as the chairman of Gomolemo Motswaledi's 2008 campaign for the Gaborone Central parliamentary seat. |
| Line 35: | Line 35: |
| {{quote|text=[The BMD] was founded in April 2010 to defend and advance the rights of the peoples of Botswana during and in order to interrupt and reverse the progressive destruction of their independence and the creation of what, by most accounts, threatens to be an authoritarian government.|source=''BMD Constitution''<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://shop.freiheit.org/download/P2@1102/468164/ALN_Coalition Handbook.pdf |title=INITIATING, PLANNING AND MANAGING COALITIONS: AN AFRICAN LIBERAL PERSPECTIVE HANDBOOK |publisher=[[Africa Liberal Network]] |pages=26}}</ref>}} | {{quote|text=[The BMD] was founded in April 2010 to defend and advance the rights of the peoples of Botswana during and in order to interrupt and reverse the progressive destruction of their independence and the creation of what, by most accounts, threatens to be an authoritarian government.|source=''BMD Constitution''<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://shop.freiheit.org/download/P2@1102/468164/ALN_Coalition Handbook.pdf |title=INITIATING, PLANNING AND MANAGING COALITIONS: AN AFRICAN LIBERAL PERSPECTIVE HANDBOOK |publisher=[[Africa Liberal Network]] |pages=26}}</ref>}} |
| In 2012, the BMD collaborated with the [[Botswana National Front]] (BNF) and the [[Botswana People's Party]] (BPP) to establish the [[Umbrella for Democratic Change]] (UDC). Just before the 2014 elections, President Motswaledi lost his life in a car accident, and he was succeeded by Ndaba Gaolathe, who was then the BMD's policy director. The party received funding and campaign strategies from its liberal sister parties, the UK [[Liberal Democrats (UK)|Liberal Democrats]] and the South African [[Democratic Alliance (South Africa)|Democratic Alliance]] in the buildup to the [[2014 Botswana general election|2014 election]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Keoreng |first=Ephraim|date=2012-06-26 |title=UK party drills Umbrella |url=https://www.mmegi.bw/news/uk-party-drills-umbrella/news |url-access=subscription |access-date=2023-10-02 |website=Mmegi Online |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Keoreng |first=Ephraim|date=2012-10-04 |title=Motswaledi roots for clear opposition messages |url=https://www.mmegi.bw/news/motswaledi-roots-for-clear-opposition-messages/news |url-access=subscription |access-date=2023-10-02 |website=Mmegi Online |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Dodsworth |first=Susan |title=MORE THAN IDEOLOGY, MORE THAN ELECTIONS: A strategic approach tof supporting sister-parties |url=https://www.wfd.org/sites/default/f...gic-approach-to-supporting-sister-parties.pdf |last2=Cheeseman |first2=Nic |publisher=[[Westminster Foundation for Democracy]] |year=2014 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |url=https://www.oecd.org/derec/unitedkingdom/Westminster-Foundation-Democracy.pdf |title=FINAL EVALUATION REPORT: Evaluation of the Westminster Foundation for Democracy (WFD) |year=2014}}</ref> In the 2014 election, the UDC secured 17 out of 57 seats in the [[National Assembly of Botswana|National Assembly]], with the BDP winning 37 seats and the [[Botswana Congress Party]] (BCP) winning three. Within the UDC's 17 seats, the BMD claimed nine. The coalition partners allocated constituencies among themselves, permitting members of the coalition to campaign under their respective party banners. This arrangement allowed members to maintain their allegiance to their individual political parties and, presumably, their party's ideological stances, despite their participation in the coalition. | In 2012, the BMD collaborated with the [[Botswana National Front]] (BNF) and the [[Botswana People's Party]] (BPP) to establish the [[Umbrella for Democratic Change]] (UDC). Just before the 2014 elections, President Motswaledi lost his life in a car accident, and he was succeeded by Ndaba Gaolathe, who was then the BMD's policy director. The party received funding and campaign strategies from its liberal sister parties, the UK [[Liberal Democrats (UK)|Liberal Democrats]] and the South African [[Democratic Alliance (South Africa)|Democratic Alliance]] in the buildup to the [[2014 Botswana general election|2014 election]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Keoreng |first=Ephraim|date=2012-06-26 |title=UK party drills Umbrella |url=https://www.mmegi.bw/news/uk-party-drills-umbrella/news |url-access=subscription |access-date=2023-10-02 |website=Mmegi Online |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Keoreng |first=Ephraim|date=2012-10-04 |title=Motswaledi roots for clear opposition messages |url=https://www.mmegi.bw/news/motswaledi-roots-for-clear-opposition-messages/news |url-access=subscription |access-date=2023-10-02 |website=Mmegi Online |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Dodsworth |first=Susan |title=MORE THAN IDEOLOGY, MORE THAN ELECTIONS: A strategic approach tof supporting sister-parties |url=https://www.wfd.org/sites/default/f...gic-approach-to-supporting-sister-parties.pdf |last2=Cheeseman |first2=Nic |publisher=[[Westminster Foundation for Democracy]] |year=2014 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |url=https://www.oecd.org/derec/unitedkingdom/Westminster-Foundation-Democracy.pdf |title=FINAL EVALUATION REPORT: Evaluation of the Westminster Foundation for Democracy (WFD) |year=2014}}</ref> In the 2014 election, the UDC secured 17 out of 57 seats in the [[National Assembly of Botswana|National Assembly]], with the BDP winning 37 seats and the [[Botswana Congress Party]] (BCP) winning three. Within the UDC's 17 seats, the BMD claimed nine. The coalition partners allocated constituencies among themselves, permitting members of the coalition to campaign under their respective party banners. This arrangement allowed members to maintain their allegiance to their individual political parties and, presumably, their party's ideological stances, despite their participation in the coalition. |
| ===Party split and decline (2017–2023)=== | |
| However, tensions came to a head in 2017 during the BMD's elective congress in [[Bobonong]], resulting in a violent conflict in which participants employed rocks as weapons.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Charles |first=Thalefang |date=2017-07-20 |title=BMD Stones War at Bobonong |url=https://www.mmegi.bw/full-picture/bmd-stones-war-at-bobonong/news |url-access=subscription |access-date=2023-10-02 |website=Mmegi Online |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Correspondent |date=2017-07-24 |title=My Bobonong |url=https://www.mmegi.bw/opinion-analysis/my-bobonong/news |url-access=subscription |access-date=2023-10-02 |website=Mmegi Online |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=PICTURES: BMD War of Stones at Bobonong |url=https://www.facebook.com/MmegiOnlin...t-for-democracy-bmd-warrin/10154815926876824/ |access-date=2023-10-02 |website=www.facebook.com}}</ref> This internal strife led to the party's division into two factions. Sidney Pilane assumed leadership of one faction, retaining control of the BMD while remaining within the UDC. In contrast, Ndaba Gaolathe led the other faction, which subsequently formed the [[social liberalism|social-liberal]] party, [[Alliance for Progressives]] (AP). Following the split, the AP carried six of the BMD's nine MPs with it. Pilane assumed the presidency of the reconstituted BMD, while Gaolathe became the AP's president. The BMD went on to suffer its worst election result to date, losing all its two parliamentary seats and all but one councillor in the [[2019 Botswana general election|2019 general election]]. | However, tensions came to a head in 2017 during the BMD's elective congress in [[Bobonong]], resulting in a violent conflict in which participants employed rocks as weapons.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Charles |first=Thalefang |date=2017-07-20 |title=BMD Stones War at Bobonong |url=https://www.mmegi.bw/full-picture/bmd-stones-war-at-bobonong/news |url-access=subscription |access-date=2023-10-02 |website=Mmegi Online |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Correspondent |date=2017-07-24 |title=My Bobonong |url=https://www.mmegi.bw/opinion-analysis/my-bobonong/news |url-access=subscription |access-date=2023-10-02 |website=Mmegi Online |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=PICTURES: BMD War of Stones at Bobonong |url=https://www.facebook.com/MmegiOnlin...t-for-democracy-bmd-warrin/10154815926876824/ |access-date=2023-10-02 |website=www.facebook.com}}</ref> This internal strife led to the party's division into two factions. Sidney Pilane assumed leadership of one faction, retaining control of the BMD while remaining within the UDC. In contrast, Ndaba Gaolathe led the other faction, which subsequently formed the [[social liberalism|social-liberal]] party, [[Alliance for Progressives]] (AP). Following the split, the AP carried six of the BMD's nine MPs with it. Pilane assumed the presidency of the reconstituted BMD, while Gaolathe became the AP's president. The BMD went on to suffer its worst election result to date, losing all its two parliamentary seats and all but one councillor in the [[2019 Botswana general election|2019 general election]]. |
Okumaya devam et...