Occupants: add some more info
Okumaya devam et...
← Previous revision | Revision as of 04:03, 10 May 2024 |
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| ==Occupants== | ==Occupants== |
| Initially, it was thought the grave belonged to a [[Neolithic]] man, based on the presence of a polished stone axe and blades;<ref name="Curry 2023"/><ref name="Grünberg 2016"/> this was later worked into Nazi propaganda, with the burial cast as an Aryan. Reexamination of the skeleton in the 1950s and 1990s determined the individual was female; [[radiocarbon dating]] in the 1970s confirmed the woman lived 9000 years ago during the Mesolithic.<ref name="Curry 2023"/> | Initially, it was thought the grave belonged to a [[Neolithic]] man, based on the presence of a polished stone axe and blades;<ref name="Curry 2023"/><ref name="Grünberg 2016"/> this was later worked into Nazi propaganda, with the burial cast as an Aryan.<ref name="Curry 2023"/> Reexamination of the skeleton in the 1950s and 1990s determined the individual was female. [[Radiocarbon dating]], first conducted in the 1970s, confirmed the woman lived around 9000 years ago, 7000-6800 BC, during the Mesolithic.<ref name="Curry 2023"/><ref name="Orschiedt et al 2023"/> |
| The woman died between the ages of 30 and 40 years. Her height in life is estimated to be {{convert|155|cm|ft}}. Her face has broad cheekbones and "masculine" features, with a slender build. Genetic analysis revealed she likely had a dark complexion with straight dark hair and blue eyes. Her bones lack strong muscle attachments, indicating she was less active than expected for the time period. Signs of wear to the vertebrae in her lower back and torso combined with facets on her leg bones indicates she spent a lot of time kneeling. Her health seems to have been good, with no signs of Harris lines.<ref name="Orschiedt et al 2023"/><ref name="Grünberg 2016"/> Her upper incisors were worn, exposing the pulp cavity. This may be caused by holding objects, such as hides, between the teeth. However, this wear lacks the curve associated with the processing of leather. The open pulp cavities led to infection in one of the teeth and abscess formation that spread to the maxillary sinus. This is her suggested cause of death.<ref name="Porr Alt 2006"/> | The woman died between the ages of 30 and 40 years. Her height in life is estimated to be {{convert|155|cm|ft}}. Her face has broad cheekbones and "masculine" features, with a slender build. Genetic analysis revealed she likely had a dark complexion with straight dark hair and blue eyes, a common combination among the [[Western Hunter-Gatherer|European population at the time]] and shared by other Mesolithic individuals such as the [[Loschbour man]] and the [[Cheddar Man]]. Her bones lack strong muscle attachments, indicating she was less active than expected for the time period. Signs of wear to the vertebrae in her lower back and torso combined with facets on her leg bones indicates she spent a lot of time kneeling. Her health seems to have been good, with no signs of [[growth arrest lines|arrested growth]] (Harris lines).<ref name="Orschiedt et al 2023"/><ref name="Grünberg 2016"/> Her upper incisors were worn, exposing the pulp cavity. This may be caused by holding objects, such as hides, between the teeth. However, this wear lacks the curve associated with the processing of leather. The open pulp cavities led to infection in one of the teeth and abscess formation that spread to the maxillary sinus. This is her suggested cause of death.<ref name="Porr Alt 2006"/> |
| The woman had an incompletely formed [[atlas (anatomy)|atlas vertebra]], which is missing a large portion of the posterior arch, and had associated malformations of the [[foramen magnum]]. The atypical appearance of the foramen magnum was previously suggested to be caused by decapitation but there is no evidence of cut marks. She may have been able to block blood vessels to the brain by holding her head in certain positions, causing neuropathological conditions such as abnormal sensations or ataxia, or induced rapid eye movement ([[nystagmus]]) or double vision. It is possible that, if she did exhibit these conditions, she may have been seen as having the ability to access the spirit world. Her possible physical abilities, combined with her elaborate burial and the presence of a roe deer headdress with antlers, has led to the suggestion she was a [[shamanism|shaman]]; for this reason she is often referred to as the "Bad Dürrenberg Shaman".<ref name="Porr Alt 2006"/><ref name="Orschiedt et al 2023"/> | The woman had an incompletely formed [[atlas (anatomy)|atlas vertebra]], which is missing a large portion of the posterior arch, and had associated malformations of the [[foramen magnum]]. The atypical appearance of the foramen magnum was previously suggested to be caused by decapitation but there is no evidence of cut marks. She may have been able to block blood vessels to the brain by holding her head in certain positions, causing neuropathological conditions such as abnormal sensations or ataxia, or induced rapid eye movement ([[nystagmus]]) or double vision. It is possible that, if she did exhibit these conditions, she may have been seen as having the ability to access the spirit world. Her possible physical abilities, combined with her elaborate burial and the presence of a roe deer headdress with antlers, has led to the suggestion she was a [[shamanism|shaman]]; for this reason she is often referred to as the "Bad Dürrenberg Shaman".<ref name="Porr Alt 2006"/><ref name="Orschiedt et al 2023"/> |
| The baby was between 6–8 months old at death. Genetic analysis identified the infant as male. Testing found he was a fourth or fifth degree genetic relative of the Shaman with a shared mitochondrial haplogroup; she may have been a direct relative, such as his great-great-grandmother, or she may have been an aunt or cousin several generations removed.<ref name="Orschiedt et al 2023"/> | The baby was 6–8 months old at death. Genetic analysis identified the infant as male. Testing found he was a fourth or fifth degree genetic relative of the Shaman with a shared mitochondrial haplogroup; she may have been a direct relative, such as his great-great-grandmother, or she may have been an aunt or cousin several generations removed.<ref name="Orschiedt et al 2023"/> |
| ==References== | ==References== |
Okumaya devam et...