Raids inside Soviet union during Soviet Afghan war

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In an effort to foment unrest and rebellion by the Islamic populations of the Soviet Union, starting in late 1984 [[Director of the Central Intelligence Agency|Director of CIA]] [[William Casey]] encouraged Mujahideen militants to mount sabotage raids inside the Soviet Union, according to [[Robert Gates]], Casey's executive assistant and Mohammed Yousef, the Pakistani [[Inter-Services Intelligence|ISI]] brigadier general who was the chief for Afghan operations. The rebels began cross-border raids into the Soviet Union in spring 1985.{{sfn|Coll|2004|p=104}}<ref name="LSA">{{cite journal |last1=Westermann |first1=Edward B. |date=Fall 1999 |title=The Limits of Soviet Airpower: The Failure of Military Coercion in Afghanistan, 1979–89 |url=https://journals.lib.unb.ca/index.php/jcs/article/view/4356/5011 |journal=Journal of Conflict Studies |volume=XIX |issue=2 |access-date=3 October 2015}}</ref>{{sfn|Kaplan|2008|p=128|ps=: "... the farmer told Wakhil [Kaplan's translator] about all the irrigation ditches that had been blown up by fighter jets, and the flooding in the valley and malaria outbreak that followed. Malaria, which on the eve of Taraki's Communist coup in April 1978 – was at the point of being eradicated in Afghanistan, had returned with a vengeance, thanks to the stagnant, mosquito-breeding pools caused by the widespread destruction of irrigation systems. Nangarhar [province] was rife with the disease. This was another relatively minor, tedious side effect of the Soviet invasion."}}

{{Infobox military conflict
| conflict = Raids inside Soviet union during Soviet Afghan war
| partof = the [[Soviet–Afghan War|Soviet military intervention in Afghanistan]] and [[Operation Cyclone]]
| image =
| caption =
| date = 1987-1988
| place = [[Uzbek SSR]],[[Tajik SSR]] and [[Turkmen SSR]]
| casus =
| territory =
| result = Mujahideen victory
*Town of [[Kushka]] successfully captured
*[[Soviet withdrawal from Afghanistan]]
| combatant1 = {{flagicon|Soviet Union}} [[Soviet Union]]<br>{{flagicon|Afghanistan|1980}} [[Democratic Republic of Afghanistan]]
| combatant2 =
{{flagicon image|Flag of Jihad.svg}} [[Afghan mujahideen]]

{{flagicon|Pakistan}} [[Pakistan]]
*[[Inter Services Intelligence]]

{{flagicon|United States}} [[United States]]
*[[File:Seal_of_the_Central_Intelligence_Agency.svg|20px|link =]] [[CIA]]

| units1 =
*{{flagicon|Soviet Union}}[[Soviet Armed Forces]]
| units2 =
*{{flagicon image|Flag of Jihad.svg}}[[Afghan mujahideen]]
*{{flagicon|Pakistan}}[[Inter Services Intelligence]]
*[[File:Seal_of_the_Central_Intelligence_Agency.svg|20px|link =]] [[CIA]]
| casualties1 =
Unknown
| casualties2 =
Unknown}}

==January 1987 rail attack==
In January 1987, a bomb exploded on a [[Moscow]]-bound train in northwestern [[Uzbekistan]], killing 3 citizens. The attack was likely meant to target Soviet troops.

==April 1987 raids==
In April 1987, three separate teams of Afghan rebels were directed by the [[ISI]] to launch coordinated raids on multiple targets across the Soviet border and extending, in the case of an attack on an [[Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic|Uzbek]] factory, as deep as over {{convert|10|mi|km|order=flip|0}} into Soviet territory.{{sfn|Coll|2004|pp=161–162}}

==Kushka raid==
One of the most notable attacks launched by the Mujahideen inside the [[Soviet Union]] was the 1988 attack on the town of [[Kushka]]. The [[Afghan Mujahideen]] captured the town and held it for several days before being forced to withdraw.

==Impact==
The Mujahideen attacks inside the Soviet Union had a significant impact on the Soviet war effort. The attacks forced the Soviet Union to divert resources away from the front lines and to focus on protecting its borders. The attacks also damaged the morale of the Soviet troops and contributed to the Soviet decision to withdraw from Afghanistan in 1989.

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