KrivisKrivaitis: ←Created page with '{{Short description|Swedish-Lithuanian poet (1561–1619)}} {{Infobox person | name = Laurentius Boierus | birth_date = c. 1579 | birth_place = Stockholm, Swedish Empire | death_date = c. 1619 | death_place = Braniewo, Crown of the Kingdom of Poland, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth | nationality = Swedish-Lithuanian | other_names = Laurencijus Bojeris | occupation = Poet, J...'
{{Short description|Swedish-Lithuanian poet (1561–1619)}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Laurentius Boierus
| birth_date = c. 1579
| birth_place = [[Stockholm]], [[Swedish Empire]]
| death_date = c. 1619
| death_place = [[Braniewo]], [[Crown of the Kingdom of Poland]], [[Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth]]
| nationality = Swedish-Lithuanian
| other_names = Laurencijus Bojeris
| occupation = Poet, Jesuit lecturer, theologist
| notable_works = ''[[Carolomachia]]''
}}
'''Laurentius Boierus''' (born '''Boyer'''; [[Lithuanian language|Lithuanian]]: ''Laurencijus Bojeris''; c. 1561 – c. 1619) was a Swedish-born [[poet]], [[Jesuit]], and [[theologist]] of the [[Grand Duchy of Lithuania]]. Boierus is most known for ''[[Carolomachia]]'', a heroic poem written in 1606 dedicated to the Polish-Lithuanian victory in the [[Battle of Kircholm]] over the Swedish army.<ref name="VLE">{{cite web |last1=Ulčinaitė |first1=Eugenija |title=Laurencijus Bojeris |url=https://www.vle.lt/straipsnis/laurencijus-bojeris/ |website=vle.lt |access-date=25 April 2024}}</ref>
==Biography==
===Early life===
[[File:Boierus Laurentius, Carolomachia, 1606 - a quote with a Lithuanian war cry - muški.png|thumb|Excerpt page from ''Carolomachia''|right|140px]]
Laurentius Boierus was born around 1561 in [[Stockholm]], Sweden. His father, Willem Boy (also spelled Boiij, Boyen), was an architect and painter who served the [[King of Sweden]] [[Gustav I Vasa]]. It is thought that Boierus attended the [[Collegium regium Stockholmense]], founded in 1567 by [[John III Vasa]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Piltz |first1=Anders |title=The Classical Heritage in Protestant and Catholic Propaganda. The Example of Laurentius Boierus |page=125}}</ref> It is believed that Boierus became acquainted with Jesuit diplomat [[Antonio Possevino]]. Possevino, Boierus, and other young Catholics left Stockholm to study in [[Prague]], [[Olomouc]], and [[Vilnius]]. After graduating from Prague's [[Clementinum]], in 1579 Boierus moved to Olomouc. Boierus spent six years in the city studying [[philosophy]] despite the course only taking three years. He also contributed to the writing of a textbook in [[Swedish language|Swedish]].<ref name="kochanowicz26">{{cite book |last1=Kochanowicz |first1=Jerzy Eugeniusz |title=Wawrzyniec Bojer – szwedzki nauczyciel w polskich szkołach doby kontrreformacji |date=2018 |publisher=Studia Paedagogica Ignatiana |pages=26-28}}</ref> From 1585 to 1587 Boierus studied [[theology]] in Vilnius. In Vilnius, Boierus joined the poetic activities of the University's students and wrote commemorative poems which were published in 1587. The poems had [[panegyric]] and satire elements. In one epigram, Boierus praises the defender of Catholicism, {{ill|Andriejus Jurgevičius|lt}}, and in another, Boierus condemns Jurgevičius's opponent, the Calvinist [[Andreas Volanus]], making fun of his surname.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Eugenija |first1=Ulčinaitė |title=Dainos pasauliui, saulei ir sau: Lietuvos XVI–XVII amžiaus poezijos antologija |date=1993 |location=Vilnius |pages=280-281}}</ref> Some sources mention that Boierus wrote scenic dialogues, panegyrics, and philosophical treatises.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Piechnik |first1=Ludwik |title=Dzieje Akademii Wileńskiej |date=1983 |publisher=Rozkwit Akademii Wileńskiej |location=Rzym |page=82 |edition=Volume 2}}</ref> The same year, on 20 August 1587, he officially joined the [[Jesuit Order]] in [[Krakow]]. He lectured in the [[University of Tartu|Tartu Jesuit College]] from 1595 to 1597.<ref name="kochanowicz29">{{cite book |last1=Kochanowicz |first1=Jerzy Eugeniusz |title=Wawrzyniec Bojer – szwedzki nauczyciel w polskich szkołach doby kontrreformacji |date=2018 |publisher=Studia Paedagogica Ignatiana |page=29}}</ref>
===Jesuit lecturer===
[[File:Universiteto kiemas.jpg|thumb|right|Courtyard of Vilnius University, c. 1785 by [[Franciszek Smuglewicz]]]]
In 1594 he was ordained as a priest.<ref name="saltiniai">{{cite web |last1=Pociūtė-Abukevičienė |first1=Dainora |title=Bojeris |url=http://www.šaltiniai.info/index/details/907 |website=saltiniai.info}}</ref> From 1598 to 1601 Boierus lectured in the [[Jarosław]] Jesuit pedagogical seminary, and from 1598 to 1600 was a prefect of the [[Tartu]] Jesuit pedagogical seminary.<ref name="VLE" /> Boierus worked intermittently at Possevino's interpreters' seminary (''Seminarium interpretum Derpatense'') in Tartu, which was intended for the development of Eastern and Northern European language translators for languages such as Swedish, Estonian, Russian, Polish, and German.<ref name="kochanowicz29" /> It is thought that [[Konstantinas Sirvydas]] might have been Boierus's student.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Kazlauskas |first1=Benediktas |title=Laurencijus Bojeris ir jo poema Karolomachija |page=11}}</ref> Between 1601 and 1603 Boierus was [[Laurentius Nicolai]]'s assistant in [[Braniewo]], Poland.<ref name="kochanowicz30">{{cite book |last1=Kochanowicz |first1=Jerzy Eugeniusz |title=Wawrzyniec Bojer – szwedzki nauczyciel w polskich szkołach doby kontrreformacji |date=2018 |publisher=Studia Paedagogica Ignatiana |page=30}}</ref> Around 1603 he moved to Vilnius, where he lectured [[poetics]], [[rhetoric]], [[theology]], and [[mathematics]] at [[Vilnius University]].<ref name="anna">{{cite book |last1=Królikowska |first1=Anna |title=Profesorowie jezuickich seminariów nauczycielskich od XVI do XVIII wieku. Słownik biograficzny |date=2017 |publisher=Ignatianum w Krakowie |location=Krakow |page=40}}</ref> Boierus was reportedly gifted in scientific studies<ref name="saltiniai" /> and knew Latin, ancient Greek, Italian, German, Swedish, and Estonian.<ref name="VLE" /> A few years after his studies Boierus lectured in various seminars. While in Vilnius Boierus published ''[[Carolomachia]]'' in Latin; it was published under the name of [[Krzysztof Zawisza]], then a student of [[Vilnius University]], because Jesuit law prohibited authors from publishing poems with their own names.<ref name="saltiniai" />
===Later years===
Around 1610 Boierus left for Braniewo, where he lectured theology until 1612. He also lectured rhetoric in [[Nyasvizh]] from 1615 to 1616, and spent the remainder of his life from 1618 to 1619 as a study prefect in Braniewo.<ref name="anna" /> Boierus died there on either 3 February<ref name="VLE" /> or 13 May.<ref name="saltiniai" />
==References==
{{Reflist}}
Okumaya devam et...
{{Short description|Swedish-Lithuanian poet (1561–1619)}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Laurentius Boierus
| birth_date = c. 1579
| birth_place = [[Stockholm]], [[Swedish Empire]]
| death_date = c. 1619
| death_place = [[Braniewo]], [[Crown of the Kingdom of Poland]], [[Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth]]
| nationality = Swedish-Lithuanian
| other_names = Laurencijus Bojeris
| occupation = Poet, Jesuit lecturer, theologist
| notable_works = ''[[Carolomachia]]''
}}
'''Laurentius Boierus''' (born '''Boyer'''; [[Lithuanian language|Lithuanian]]: ''Laurencijus Bojeris''; c. 1561 – c. 1619) was a Swedish-born [[poet]], [[Jesuit]], and [[theologist]] of the [[Grand Duchy of Lithuania]]. Boierus is most known for ''[[Carolomachia]]'', a heroic poem written in 1606 dedicated to the Polish-Lithuanian victory in the [[Battle of Kircholm]] over the Swedish army.<ref name="VLE">{{cite web |last1=Ulčinaitė |first1=Eugenija |title=Laurencijus Bojeris |url=https://www.vle.lt/straipsnis/laurencijus-bojeris/ |website=vle.lt |access-date=25 April 2024}}</ref>
==Biography==
===Early life===
[[File:Boierus Laurentius, Carolomachia, 1606 - a quote with a Lithuanian war cry - muški.png|thumb|Excerpt page from ''Carolomachia''|right|140px]]
Laurentius Boierus was born around 1561 in [[Stockholm]], Sweden. His father, Willem Boy (also spelled Boiij, Boyen), was an architect and painter who served the [[King of Sweden]] [[Gustav I Vasa]]. It is thought that Boierus attended the [[Collegium regium Stockholmense]], founded in 1567 by [[John III Vasa]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Piltz |first1=Anders |title=The Classical Heritage in Protestant and Catholic Propaganda. The Example of Laurentius Boierus |page=125}}</ref> It is believed that Boierus became acquainted with Jesuit diplomat [[Antonio Possevino]]. Possevino, Boierus, and other young Catholics left Stockholm to study in [[Prague]], [[Olomouc]], and [[Vilnius]]. After graduating from Prague's [[Clementinum]], in 1579 Boierus moved to Olomouc. Boierus spent six years in the city studying [[philosophy]] despite the course only taking three years. He also contributed to the writing of a textbook in [[Swedish language|Swedish]].<ref name="kochanowicz26">{{cite book |last1=Kochanowicz |first1=Jerzy Eugeniusz |title=Wawrzyniec Bojer – szwedzki nauczyciel w polskich szkołach doby kontrreformacji |date=2018 |publisher=Studia Paedagogica Ignatiana |pages=26-28}}</ref> From 1585 to 1587 Boierus studied [[theology]] in Vilnius. In Vilnius, Boierus joined the poetic activities of the University's students and wrote commemorative poems which were published in 1587. The poems had [[panegyric]] and satire elements. In one epigram, Boierus praises the defender of Catholicism, {{ill|Andriejus Jurgevičius|lt}}, and in another, Boierus condemns Jurgevičius's opponent, the Calvinist [[Andreas Volanus]], making fun of his surname.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Eugenija |first1=Ulčinaitė |title=Dainos pasauliui, saulei ir sau: Lietuvos XVI–XVII amžiaus poezijos antologija |date=1993 |location=Vilnius |pages=280-281}}</ref> Some sources mention that Boierus wrote scenic dialogues, panegyrics, and philosophical treatises.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Piechnik |first1=Ludwik |title=Dzieje Akademii Wileńskiej |date=1983 |publisher=Rozkwit Akademii Wileńskiej |location=Rzym |page=82 |edition=Volume 2}}</ref> The same year, on 20 August 1587, he officially joined the [[Jesuit Order]] in [[Krakow]]. He lectured in the [[University of Tartu|Tartu Jesuit College]] from 1595 to 1597.<ref name="kochanowicz29">{{cite book |last1=Kochanowicz |first1=Jerzy Eugeniusz |title=Wawrzyniec Bojer – szwedzki nauczyciel w polskich szkołach doby kontrreformacji |date=2018 |publisher=Studia Paedagogica Ignatiana |page=29}}</ref>
===Jesuit lecturer===
[[File:Universiteto kiemas.jpg|thumb|right|Courtyard of Vilnius University, c. 1785 by [[Franciszek Smuglewicz]]]]
In 1594 he was ordained as a priest.<ref name="saltiniai">{{cite web |last1=Pociūtė-Abukevičienė |first1=Dainora |title=Bojeris |url=http://www.šaltiniai.info/index/details/907 |website=saltiniai.info}}</ref> From 1598 to 1601 Boierus lectured in the [[Jarosław]] Jesuit pedagogical seminary, and from 1598 to 1600 was a prefect of the [[Tartu]] Jesuit pedagogical seminary.<ref name="VLE" /> Boierus worked intermittently at Possevino's interpreters' seminary (''Seminarium interpretum Derpatense'') in Tartu, which was intended for the development of Eastern and Northern European language translators for languages such as Swedish, Estonian, Russian, Polish, and German.<ref name="kochanowicz29" /> It is thought that [[Konstantinas Sirvydas]] might have been Boierus's student.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Kazlauskas |first1=Benediktas |title=Laurencijus Bojeris ir jo poema Karolomachija |page=11}}</ref> Between 1601 and 1603 Boierus was [[Laurentius Nicolai]]'s assistant in [[Braniewo]], Poland.<ref name="kochanowicz30">{{cite book |last1=Kochanowicz |first1=Jerzy Eugeniusz |title=Wawrzyniec Bojer – szwedzki nauczyciel w polskich szkołach doby kontrreformacji |date=2018 |publisher=Studia Paedagogica Ignatiana |page=30}}</ref> Around 1603 he moved to Vilnius, where he lectured [[poetics]], [[rhetoric]], [[theology]], and [[mathematics]] at [[Vilnius University]].<ref name="anna">{{cite book |last1=Królikowska |first1=Anna |title=Profesorowie jezuickich seminariów nauczycielskich od XVI do XVIII wieku. Słownik biograficzny |date=2017 |publisher=Ignatianum w Krakowie |location=Krakow |page=40}}</ref> Boierus was reportedly gifted in scientific studies<ref name="saltiniai" /> and knew Latin, ancient Greek, Italian, German, Swedish, and Estonian.<ref name="VLE" /> A few years after his studies Boierus lectured in various seminars. While in Vilnius Boierus published ''[[Carolomachia]]'' in Latin; it was published under the name of [[Krzysztof Zawisza]], then a student of [[Vilnius University]], because Jesuit law prohibited authors from publishing poems with their own names.<ref name="saltiniai" />
===Later years===
Around 1610 Boierus left for Braniewo, where he lectured theology until 1612. He also lectured rhetoric in [[Nyasvizh]] from 1615 to 1616, and spent the remainder of his life from 1618 to 1619 as a study prefect in Braniewo.<ref name="anna" /> Boierus died there on either 3 February<ref name="VLE" /> or 13 May.<ref name="saltiniai" />
==References==
{{Reflist}}
Okumaya devam et...