Italian destroyer Freccia (1899)

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{{short description|Italian ''Lampo''-class destroyer}}
{{otherships|Italian ship Freccia}}
{|{{Infobox ship begin |infobox caption=}} <!-- warship classes --><!---->
{{Infobox ship image
|Ship image=File:RN Freccia.jpg
|Ship caption=
}}
{{Infobox ship career
|Hide header=
|Ship country=[[Kingdom of Italy]]
|Ship flag={{shipboxflag|Kingdom of Italy|naval}}
|Ship name=''Freccia''
|Ship owner=
|Ship namesake=[[Arrow]]
|Ship ordered=
|Ship builder=[[Schichau-Werke]], {{nowrap|[[Elbing]], [[German Empire|Germany]]}}
|Ship laid down=1899
|Ship launched=23 November 1899
|Ship completed=25 May 1902
|Ship acquired=
|Ship commissioned=May 1902
|Ship decommissioned=
|Ship in service=
|Ship out of service=
|Ship reclassified=
|Ship identification=
|Ship struck=
|Ship reinstated=
|Ship honors=
|Ship fate=Wrecked 12 October 1911
|Ship notes=
}}
{{Infobox ship characteristics
|Hide header=
|Header caption=
|Ship type=[[Destroyer]]
|Ship displacement=*{{convert|315|LT|t|abbr=on}} normal
*{{convert|348|LT|t|abbr=on}} full load
|Ship length=*{{convert|60.00|m|ftin|abbr=on}} [[length between perpendiculars|pp]]
*{{convert|62.05|m|ftin|abbr=on}} [[length overall|oa]]
|Ship beam={{convert|6.50|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
|Ship draught={{convert|2.60|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
|Ship draft=
|Ship propulsion=*2 × [[Marine steam engine#Triple or multiple expansion|vertical triple-expansion steam engines]]
*4× Thornycroft boilers
*{{convert|6000|ihp|kW|0|abbr=on|lk=in}}
|Ship speed={{convert|31|kn|lk=in}}
|Ship range=*{{convert|290|nmi|abbr=on}} at {{convert|26|kn}}
*{{convert|2000|nmi|abbr=on}} at {{convert|12|kn}}
|Ship complement=59
|Ship sensors=
|Ship EW=
|Ship armament=*1 × [[QF 12-pounder 12 cwt naval gun|76 mm (3 in)/40]] gun
*5 × [[QF 6 pounder Nordenfelt|57 mm/43]]
*2× 356 mm (14 in) [[torpedo tube]]s
|Ship armour=
|Ship armor=
|Ship aircraft=
|Ship aircraft facilities=
|Ship notes=
}}
|}
'''''Freccia''''' ("[[Arrow]]") was an Italian {{sclass|Lampo|destroyer|0}} [[destroyer]]. [[Ship commissioning|Commissioned]] into service in the Italian {{lang|it|[[Regia Marina]]}} (Royal Navy) in 1902, she served in the [[Italo-Turkish War]], during which she was wrecked in 1911.

==Construction and commissioning==
''Freccia'' was [[Keel-laying|laid down]] at the [[Schichau-Werke]] in [[Elbing]] in the [[German Empire]] in 1899. She was [[Ceremonial ship launching|launched]] on 23&nbsp;November&nbsp;1899 and completed on 25&nbsp;May&nbsp;1902.<ref name=dreadnoughtproject>{{cite web |url=http://www.dreadnoughtproject.org/tfs/index.php/Indomito_Class_Destroyer_(1912) |title=Indomito Class Destroyer (1912) |author=<!--Not stated--> |date=<!--Not stated--> |website=dreadnoughtproject.org/ |publisher=The Dreadnought Project |access-date=17 April 2024}}</ref> She was [[Ship commissioning|commissioned]] in May&nbsp;1902.

''Freccia'' and her five [[sister ship]]s formed the first [[Ship class|class]] of destroyers built for the ''Regia Marina'',<ref name="probertencyclopaedia">[http://www.probertencyclopaedia.com/browse/RF.HTM Ships (F)<!-- Title generated automatically -->] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111020133343/http://www.probertencyclopaedia.com/browse/RF.HTM |datw=20 October 2011 }}</ref> their only predecessor, {{ship|Italian destroyer|Fulmine|1898|2}}, having been a one-off. Designed by the German [[Schichau-Werke]] [[shipyard]], they were seaworthy, robust, fast, and reliable,<ref name="marinamilitare">[http://www.marina.difesa.it/storiacultura/storia/almanacco/Pagine/EFGHI/freccia01.aspx Marina Militare<!-- Title generated automatically -->] (in Italian).</ref> although they were afflicted by serious problems with [[seakeeping]].<ref name=autogenerato1>[http://www.navypedia.org/ships/italy/it_dd_lampo.htm Lampo destroyers (1900 - 1902) - Regia Marina (Italy)<!-- Title generated automatically -->]</ref>

==Service history==

''Freccia'' participated in the [[Italo-Turkish War]], which began on 29&nbsp;September&nbsp;1911 with the [[Kingdom of Italy]]′s [[declaration of war]] on the [[Ottoman Empire]]. On 12&nbsp;October&nbsp;1911, a few days after Italian forces occupied [[Tripoli, Libya|Tripoli]] in [[Ottoman Tripolitania]], ''Freccia'' struck rocks while attempting to leave Tripoli during a storm, then ran aground on a [[Shoal|sandbank]] at the entrance of the port. Her entire crew survived, and initially the ship was considered to be in good condition and the Italians hoped to refloat her quickly. However, she sank by the [[Bow (ship)|bow]] a few days after running aground, coming to rest partially submerged. A [[Steamboat|steam]] [[Launch (boat)|launch]] struck the wreck on the evening of 21&nbsp;October&nbsp;1911, and damage to the wreck progressed until ultimately she was deemed beyond [[Marine salvage|salvage]].<ref name=dreadnoughtproject>{{cite web |url=http://www.dreadnoughtproject.org/tfs/index.php/Indomito_Class_Destroyer_(1912) |title=Indomito Class Destroyer (1912) |author=<!--Not stated--> |date=<!--Not stated--> |website=dreadnoughtproject.org/ |publisher=The Dreadnought Project |access-date=17 April 2024}}</ref><ref name="probertencyclopaedia"/><ref name=autogenerato1/><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.anb-online.it/articolo.php?sez=7&sz=162&nm=classe_lampo |title=Classe ''Lampo''<!-- Title generated automatically -->] |date=March 2018}} bot=InternetArchiveBot (in Italian)</ref><ref>[http://www.archiviolastampa.it/comp...d,1197_01_1911_0287_0002_17908015/anews,true/ ''[[La Stampa]]'' - archive <!-- Title generated automatically -->] (in Italian)</ref><ref>[http://www.archiviolastampa.it/comp...03/articleid,1197_01_1911_0295_0003_24831432/ ''[[La Stampa]]'' - archive <!-- Title generated automatically -->] (in Italian)</ref><ref>[http://www.archiviolastampa.it/comp...d,1197_01_1911_0298_0002_17908731/anews,true/ ''[[La Stampa]]'' - archive <!-- Title generated automatically -->] (in Italian)</ref><ref>[http://www.archiviolastampa.it/comp...01/articleid,1197_01_1911_0286_0001_17907936/ ''[[La Stampa]]'' - archive <!-- Title generated automatically -->] (in Italian)</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Lampo class destroyer}}
{{1911 shipwrecks}}

{{DISPLAYTITLE:Italian destroyer ''Freccia'' (1899)}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Freccia (1899)}}
[[Category:Lampo-class destroyers| ]]
[[Category:1899 ships]]
[[Category:Ships built in Elbing]]
[[Category:Destroyers of the Regia Marina]]
[[Category:Maritime incidents in 1911]]
[[Category:Shipwrecks in the Mediterranean Sea]]
[[Category:Shipwrecks of Libya]]

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