Holiness movement

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Revision as of 01:47, 6 May 2024
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==Beliefs====Beliefs==
=== Entire sanctification ====== Entire sanctification ===
The Holiness movement believes that the "[[second work of grace]]" (or "second blessing") refers to a personal experience subsequent to [[Salvation (Christianity)|regeneration]], in which the believer is cleansed from [[original sin]].<ref name="Beliefs">{{Cite web|url=https://godsmissionarychurch.org/beliefs-gods-missionary-church/|title=Beliefs|website=God's Missionary Church, Inc.|language=en-US|access-date=2020-01-12}}</ref> It was actually upon this doctrine, the attainment of complete freedom from sin, that the movement was built.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Shattuck |first=Gardener |title=Encyclopedia of American Religious History Volume 1 |publisher=FactsonFileINC |year=1996 |isbn=0-8160-2406-5 |location=Boston |pages=295}}</ref> "In this line of thinking, a person is first saved, at which point he is justified and born again. Following this, he experiences a period of growth...This ultimately culminates in a second work of grace whereby the [[Holy Spirit]] cleanses his heart of original sin, eradicating all inbred sin. The Holy Spirit then imparts His indwelling presence, empowering the believer...This is the baptism of the Holy Spirit. It happens instantaneously as the believer presents himself or herself as a living sacrifice to God with an attitude of full consecration," and faith.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Rhodes, Ron|url=http://worldcat.org/oclc/884817087|title=The complete guide to Christian denominations|date=March 2015|isbn=978-0-7369-5291-0|oclc=884817087}}</ref>The Holiness movement believes that the "[[second work of grace]]" (or "second blessing") refers to a personal experience subsequent to [[Salvation (Christianity)|regeneration]], in which the believer is cleansed from [[original sin]].<ref name="Beliefs">{{Cite web|url=https://godsmissionarychurch.org/beliefs-gods-missionary-church/|title=Beliefs|website=God's Missionary Church, Inc.|language=en-US|access-date=2020-01-12}}</ref> It was actually upon this doctrine, the attainment of complete freedom from sin, that the movement was built.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Shattuck |first=Gardener |title=Encyclopedia of American Religious History Volume 1 |publisher=FactsonFileINC |year=1996 |isbn=0-8160-2406-5 |location=Boston |pages=295}}</ref> "In this line of thinking, a person is first saved, at which point he is justified and born again. Following this, he experiences a period of growth...This ultimately culminates in a second work of grace whereby the [[Holy Spirit]] cleanses his heart of original sin, eradicating all inbred sin. The Holy Spirit then imparts His indwelling presence, empowering the believer...This is the baptism of the Holy Spirit. It happens instantaneously as the believer presents himself or herself as a living sacrifice to God with an attitude of full consecration," and faith.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Rhodes, Ron|url=http://worldcat.org/oclc/884817087|title=The complete guide to Christian denominations|date=March 2015|isbn=978-0-7369-5291-0|oclc=884817087}}</ref> John Wesley taught that those who had been entirely sanctified would be perfect in love, engaging in [[works of piety]] and [[works of mercy]].<ref>{{cite book|author=S. T. Kimbrough|title=Orthodox and Wesleyan ecclesiology|year=2007|publisher=[[St Vladimir's Seminary Press]]|isbn=9780881412680|quote=Perhaps Wesley's favorite description of his own calling and that of Methodism was to "spread scriptural holiness." He and his helpers preaced "entire sanctification" or "Christian perfection" understood as the single-hearted love of God and neighbor. The twin vehicles and expressions of such love were "works of piety" (prayer, fasting, searching the Scriptures, partaking of the Lord's Supper as "means of grace") and "works of mercy" ("doing good unto all men, to their souls and to their bodies"): "God works [in you]; therefore you ''can'' work. God works [in you]; therefore you ''must'' work."|access-date=5 July 2011}}</ref>
The First General Holiness Assembly's 1885 Declaration of Principles, which explained:<blockquote>"Entire Sanctification... is that great work wrought subsequent to regeneration, by the Holy Ghost, upon the sole condition of faith...such faith being preceded by an act of solemn and complete consecration. This work has these distinct elements:The First General Holiness Assembly's 1885 Declaration of Principles, which explained:<blockquote>"Entire Sanctification... is that great work wrought subsequent to regeneration, by the Holy Ghost, upon the sole condition of faith...such faith being preceded by an act of solemn and complete consecration. This work has these distinct elements:
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# Entire Sanctification -- Is Attainable in This Life# Entire Sanctification -- Is Attainable in This Life
# Entire Sanctification -- and the Baptism with the Holy Spirit are Simultaneous"<ref>{{Cite book|last=White|first=Stephen S.|url=http://worldcat.org/oclc/814409314|title=Five cardinal elements in the doctrine of entire sanctification|date=1954|publisher=Beacon Hill Press|oclc=814409314}}</ref># Entire Sanctification -- and the Baptism with the Holy Spirit are Simultaneous"<ref>{{Cite book|last=White|first=Stephen S.|url=http://worldcat.org/oclc/814409314|title=Five cardinal elements in the doctrine of entire sanctification|date=1954|publisher=Beacon Hill Press|oclc=814409314}}</ref>
John Wesley taught that those who had been entirely sanctified would be perfect in love, engaging in [[works of piety]] and [[works of mercy]].<ref>{{cite book|author=S. T. Kimbrough|title=Orthodox and Wesleyan ecclesiology|year=2007|publisher=[[St Vladimir's Seminary Press]]|isbn=9780881412680|quote=Perhaps Wesley's favorite description of his own calling and that of Methodism was to "spread scriptural holiness." He and his helpers preaced "entire sanctification" or "Christian perfection" understood as the single-hearted love of God and neighbor. The twin vehicles and expressions of such love were "works of piety" (prayer, fasting, searching the Scriptures, partaking of the Lord's Supper as "means of grace") and "works of mercy" ("doing good unto all men, to their souls and to their bodies"): "God works [in you]; therefore you ''can'' work. God works [in you]; therefore you ''must'' work."|access-date=5 July 2011}}</ref>
This experience of [[entire sanctification]] or [[Christian perfection#Quaker teaching|Perfection]] is generally identified with the filling of or the baptism of the Holy Ghost.<ref name="Beliefs"/> As such, entire sanctification is also known in the Holiness Methodist tradition as [[Baptism with the Holy Spirit]] (though in Pentecostalism, this term carries a different meaning).<ref name="UMC2012"/><ref name="PHC2000">{{cite web|url=http://www.pilgrimholinesschurch.org/doctrine.htm|title=Doctrine|date=15 December 2000|publisher=[[Pilgrim Holiness Church|Pilgrim Holiness Church of New York]]|language=en|access-date=31 May 2018|archive-date=2 May 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/2018050...linesschurch.org/doctrine.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> [[John Swanel Inskip]], a minister in the [[Methodist Episcopal Church]], explained, "There is, however, one doctrine, in a great measure peculiar to Methodism. It is that, in which we teach the possibility of man attaining a state of grace in the present life, in which he will be made free from sin."<ref>{{Cite book |last=Inskip|first=John S.|url=http://worldcat.org/oclc/30371096 |title=Methodism explained and defended. |date=1860 |publisher=H.S. & J. Applegate |oclc=30371096}}</ref> Reflecting this inward holiness, Holiness Methodists, who make up the bulk of the Holiness Movement, have emphasized the Wesleyan-Arminian doctrine [[outward holiness]], which includes practices such as the wearing of modest clothing and not using [[profanity]] in speech; Holiness Quakers have likewise emphasized the Friends teaching on [[testimony of simplicity]], while the Holiness Anabaptists (such as [[Brethren in Christ Church|Holiness River Brethren]] and [[Mennonite Brethren in Christ|Holiness Mennonites]]) have upheld their belief in [[nonconformity to the world]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.seedbed.com/getting-it-r...ion-and-wesleys-purposeful-list|title=Getting It Right: Christian Perfection and Wesley's Purposeful List|last=Headley|first=Anthony J.|date=4 October 2013|publisher=Seedbed|language=en|access-date=29 May 2018}}</ref> Baptists who have embraced the second work of grace have founded their own denominations, such as the [[Holiness Baptist Association]] and [[Ohio Valley Association of the Christian Baptist Churches of God]]. The [[Original Church of God or Sanctified Church|Original Church of God]] and the [[Church of Christ (Holiness) U.S.A.]] were founded by Baptist ministers, including Charles W. Gray and [[Charles Price Jones]], who embraced the doctrine of entire sanctification.This experience of [[entire sanctification]] or [[Christian perfection#Quaker teaching|Perfection]] is generally identified with the filling of or the baptism of the Holy Ghost.<ref name="Beliefs"/> As such, entire sanctification is also known in the Holiness Methodist tradition as [[Baptism with the Holy Spirit]] (though in Pentecostalism, this term carries a different meaning).<ref name="UMC2012"/><ref name="PHC2000">{{cite web|url=http://www.pilgrimholinesschurch.org/doctrine.htm|title=Doctrine|date=15 December 2000|publisher=[[Pilgrim Holiness Church|Pilgrim Holiness Church of New York]]|language=en|access-date=31 May 2018|archive-date=2 May 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/2018050...linesschurch.org/doctrine.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> [[John Swanel Inskip]], a minister in the [[Methodist Episcopal Church]], explained, "There is, however, one doctrine, in a great measure peculiar to Methodism. It is that, in which we teach the possibility of man attaining a state of grace in the present life, in which he will be made free from sin."<ref>{{Cite book |last=Inskip|first=John S.|url=http://worldcat.org/oclc/30371096 |title=Methodism explained and defended. |date=1860 |publisher=H.S. & J. Applegate |oclc=30371096}}</ref> Reflecting this inward holiness, Holiness Methodists, who make up the bulk of the Holiness Movement, have emphasized the Wesleyan-Arminian doctrine [[outward holiness]], which includes practices such as the wearing of modest clothing and not using [[profanity]] in speech; Holiness Quakers have likewise emphasized the Friends teaching on [[testimony of simplicity]], while the Holiness Anabaptists (such as [[Brethren in Christ Church|Holiness River Brethren]] and [[Mennonite Brethren in Christ|Holiness Mennonites]]) have upheld their belief in [[nonconformity to the world]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.seedbed.com/getting-it-r...ion-and-wesleys-purposeful-list|title=Getting It Right: Christian Perfection and Wesley's Purposeful List|last=Headley|first=Anthony J.|date=4 October 2013|publisher=Seedbed|language=en|access-date=29 May 2018}}</ref> Baptists who have embraced the second work of grace have founded their own denominations, such as the [[Holiness Baptist Association]] and [[Ohio Valley Association of the Christian Baptist Churches of God]]. The [[Original Church of God or Sanctified Church|Original Church of God]] and the [[Church of Christ (Holiness) U.S.A.]] were founded by Baptist ministers, including Charles W. Gray and [[Charles Price Jones]], who embraced the doctrine of entire sanctification.

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