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| '''Paul Jackson Pollock''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|p|ɒ|l|ə|k}}; January 28, 1912{{snd}}August 11, 1956) was an American painter. A major figure in the [[abstract expressionist]] movement, Pollock was widely noticed for his "[[Drip painting|drip technique]]" of pouring or splashing liquid household paint onto a horizontal surface, enabling him to view and paint his canvases from all angles. It was called [[all-over painting]] and [[action painting]], since he covered the entire canvas and used the force of his whole body to paint, often in a frenetic dancing style. This extreme form of abstraction divided the critics: some praised the immediacy of the creation, while others derided the random effects. In 2016, Pollock's painting titled ''[[Number 17A]]'' was reported to have fetched US$200 million in a private purchase. | '''Paul Jackson Pollock''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|p|ɒ|l|ə|k}}; January 28, 1912{{snd}}August 11, 1956) was an American painter. A major figure in the [[abstract expressionist]] movement, Pollock was widely noticed for his "[[Drip painting|drip technique]]" of pouring or splashing liquid household paint onto a horizontal surface, enabling him to view and paint his canvases from all angles. It was called [[all-over painting]] and [[action painting]], since he covered the entire canvas and used the force of his whole body to paint, often in a frenetic dancing style. This extreme form of abstraction divided the critics: some praised the immediacy of the creation, while others derided the random effects. In 2016, Pollock's painting titled ''[[Number 17A]]'' was reported to have fetched US$200 million in a private purchase. |
| A reclusive and volatile personality, Pollock struggled with alcoholism for most of his life. In 1945, he married the artist [[Lee Krasner]], who became an important influence on his career and on his legacy. Pollock died at the age of 44 in an alcohol-related single-car collision when he was driving. In December 1956, four months after his death, Pollock was given a memorial [[retrospective]] exhibition at the [[Museum of Modern Art]] (MoMA) in New York City. A larger, more comprehensive exhibition of his work was held there in 1967. In 1998 and 1999, his work was honored with large-scale retrospective exhibitions at MoMA and at the [[tate Britain|Tate]] in London.<ref name="Varnedoe 1998 315–329">{{cite book|last1=Varnedoe|first1=Kirk|last2=Karmel|first2=Pepe|title=Jackson Pollock: Essays, Chronology, and Bibliography|series=Exhibition catalog|location=New York|publisher=[[The Museum of Modern Art]]|pages=315–329|year=1998|isbn=978-0-87070-069-9}}</ref><ref name="Horsley">Horsley, Carter B., ''Mud Pies, Jackson Pollock, Museum of Modern Art, November 1, 1998 to February 2, 1999, The Tate Gallery, London, March 11 to June 6, 1999'': [http://www.thecityreview.com/pollock.html "While it is de rigueur to concentrate on the signature works that define an artist's 'style', it is very important to understand its evolution..."]</ref> | A reclusive and volatile personality, Pollock struggled with alcoholism for most of his life. In 1945, he married the artist [[Lee Krasner]], who became an important influence on his career and on his legacy. Pollock died at age 44 in an alcohol-related single-car collision when he was driving. In December 1956, four months after his death, Pollock was given a memorial [[retrospective]] exhibition at the [[Museum of Modern Art]] (MoMA) in New York City. A larger, more comprehensive exhibition of his work was held there in 1967. In 1998 and 1999, his work was honored with large-scale retrospective exhibitions at MoMA and at the [[tate Britain|Tate]] in London.<ref name="Varnedoe 1998 315–329">{{cite book|last1=Varnedoe|first1=Kirk|last2=Karmel|first2=Pepe|title=Jackson Pollock: Essays, Chronology, and Bibliography|series=Exhibition catalog|location=New York|publisher=[[The Museum of Modern Art]]|pages=315–329|year=1998|isbn=978-0-87070-069-9}}</ref><ref name="Horsley">Horsley, Carter B., ''Mud Pies, Jackson Pollock, Museum of Modern Art, November 1, 1998 to February 2, 1999, The Tate Gallery, London, March 11 to June 6, 1999'': [http://www.thecityreview.com/pollock.html "While it is de rigueur to concentrate on the signature works that define an artist's 'style', it is very important to understand its evolution..."]</ref> |
| ==Early life (1912–1936)== | ==Early life (1912–1936)== |
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